Phytochemical and pharmacological study of Rosa x gallica L. georgian cultivar essential oil production waste

Abstract

The study aimed to assess chemical composition and pharmacological properties of Rosa x gallica cultivated in Georgia for application in medicine and cosmetology. The quantitative and qualitative composition of secondary metabolites of the aqueous extract obtained during the production of essential oil of R. gallica (AERGP) was analysed using HPLC analytical methods, and its pharmacological activity was evaluated in in vitro and in vivo experiments. Five prevalent compounds have been established in AERGP: Glycyrrhetinic acid (0.83%), Hyperoside (1, 08%), Caffeic acid (0, 85%), Quercetin (6, 17%), and Ferulic acid (0, 28%). Studies of antioxidant activity of AERGP revealed its dose-dependent radical scavenging effect in both ABTS (IC50 20.0 µg/mL), and DPPH (IC50 39.0 µg/mL) assays. AERGP appeared active against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain (IC50 47.2 µg/mL). In in vivo experiments AERGP showed pronounced analgesic (124%) and anti-inflammatory effects (67.58%), as well as a moderate gastroprotective efficacy (28, 9%).