Phytochemical and pharmacological uses of medicinal plants to treat cancer: A case study from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, North Pakistan

Khan, Asif; Ali, Sajid; Murad, Waheed; Hayat, Khizar; Siraj, Shumaila; Jawad, Muhammad; Khan, Rashid Abbas; Uddin, Jalal; Al‐Harrasi, Ahmed; Khan, Ajmal

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2021.114437

Cited by 31 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…Cu is essential for the plant's growth and development in a very minute quantity between 15 and 20 µg/g, Whereas Cd has no known physiological role in the plants and is considered to be one of the most damaging threats to plants, even at very small quantity i.e.,0.7 µg/g [7,8]. Recently, it was taken into consideration that due to the rapid increases of industrialization, particularly in China, in last few years, the concentrations of Cd and Cu are noticeably increasing in the soil, causing severe damage in plants, even at very low concentrations [9][10][11][12]. In our previous studies, different physiological and growth attributes of Cajanus cajan L. and Cicer arietinum L. plants were monitored under different Cd-stressed environments [13,14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its contamination sources include lithogenic, pedogenic, and anthropogenic sources that release approximately 1-70, 11,000, and 16,000 metric tons per annum of cadmium into the biosphere, respectively [6,7]. Cd 2+ excessive accumulation in plants might cause severe phytotoxicity and numerous physiological, morphological, and biochemical toxic effects on plant attributes such as pigment destruction, photosynthetic and respirational process inhiations, lessening nutrient uptake, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), enzyme and gene suppression, growth inhibition, and even plant death [8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Cadmium and Copper Exposure on Growth, Physio-Chemicals and Medicinal Properties of Cajanus cajan L. (Pigeon Pea)

et al. 2021

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Soil contamination with heavy metals is an emerging concern in the modern era, affecting all forms of life. Pigeon pea is a multi-use shrub with medicinal and nutritional values. On the basis of a randomized complete design, we investigated in the current project the combined cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) effect on plant growth and physio-chemical/medicinal properties of pigeon pea. Three-week-old seedlings were grown in combined Cd and Cu amended soil with increasing metal concentrations (control, 20 + 30 mg/kg, 40 + 60 mg/kg, and 60 + 90 mg/kg) for three months. At high-dose metal cumulative stress (60 + 90 mg/kg), plant shoot and root growth in terms of plant height as well as fresh and dry weight were significantly inhibited in association with decreased photosynthetic attributes (chlorophyll a and b contents, net photosynthesis, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentrations) and diminished nutrient contents. Cd and Cu at high amounts inflicted oxidative stresses as assessed in elevated lipid peroxidation (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and electrolyte leakage contents. Antioxidant enzyme activities, namely, those of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), were enhanced, along with proline content with increasing metal quantity. Phenolics and flavonoids exhibited a diverse response regarding metal concentration, and their biosynthesis was significantly suppressed at high Cd and Cu cumulative stress. The reduction in secondary metabolites may account for declined medicinal properties of pigeon pea as appraised in reduced antibacterial, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric-reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) activities. Our results clearly demonstrate that the exposure of pigeon pea to Cd- and Cu-contaminated soil might affect consumers due to the presence of metals and the negligible efficacy of the herbal products.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cadmium and Copper Exposure on Growth, Physio-Chemicals and Medicinal Properties of Cajanus cajan L. (Pigeon Pea)

et al. 2021

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“…The application of materials derived from natural products to treat various human ailments, including cancers, is rapidly growing [ 23 , 24 ]. Strong evidence has suggested that natural resources can display cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic properties [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Despite tremendous advancement in cancer research, secondary compounds derived from natural resources have been identified as worthwhile cancer therapeutic candidates [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Green Gold Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis

et al. 2022

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Nanoparticles are currently used for cancer theranostics in the clinical field. Among nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) attract much attention due to their usability and high performance in imaging techniques. The wide availability of biological precursors used in plant-based synthesized AuNPs allows for the development of large-scale production in a greener manner. Conventional cancer therapies, such as surgery and chemotherapy, have significant limitations and frequently fail to produce satisfying results. AuNPs have a prolonged circulation time, allow easy modification with ligands detected via cancer cell surface receptors, and increase uptake through receptor-mediated endocytosis. To exploit these unique features, studies have been carried out on the use of AuNPs as contrast agents for X-ray-based imaging techniques (i.e., computed tomography). As nanocarriers, AuNPs synthesized by nontoxic and biocompatible plants to deliver therapeutic biomolecules could be a significant stride forward in the effective treatment of various cancers. Fluorescent-plant-based markers, including AuNPs, fabricated using Medicago sativa, Olax Scandens, H. ambavilla, and H. lanceolatum, have been used in detecting cancers. Moreover, green synthesized AuNPs using various extracts have been applied for the treatment of different types of solid tumors. However, the cytotoxicity of AuNPs primarily depends on their size, surface reactivity, and surface area. In this review, the benefits of plant-based materials in cancer therapy are firstly explained. Then, considering the valuable position of AuNPs in medicine, the application of AuNPs in cancer therapy and detection is highlighted with an emphasis on limitations faced by the application of such NPs in drug delivery platforms.

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“…Plants have been used as source of medicines for the treatment of different diseases for millennia (Hussain et al 2018;Zaman et al 2013). Approximately 80% of the world population still utilizes medicinal plants at least partly for their primary health care needs (Khan et al 2021;Nadeem et al 2013;WHO, 2020;Wang et al 2021). The 1978 Alma-Ata declaration supports and encourages local community participations, sustainable, self-reliance and integrated methods for the improvement of basic health care (WHO, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the rise in availability of allopathic drugs has significant effective role than the phytomedicines (Vítor & Vale, 2011), despite often higher side effects (Sng & Wang, 2015). In the remote study area the majority of local residents are poor, often illiterate, and deprived of modern facilities including education and healthcare (Khan et al 2021;Abebe, 2011). The local inhabitant's area mostly relying on plants and plants-based drugs for their daily life (Murad et al, 2011(Murad et al, , 2012(Murad et al, , 2013Kamal et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative ethnobotanical appraisal of medicinal plants used by indigenous communities of District Malakand, Pakistan

Nazil

Begum

Hamayun

et al. 2022

Ethnobot. Res. App.

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Background: Medicinal plants are the only possible solution to facilitate and treat different complications of human beings. The local residents of District Malakand are dependent on medicinal plants for their primary healthcare. The aim of this study was to document medicinal plants and associated traditional knowledge of District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Methods: The area was frequently visited from March to August in 2018-2019, during the peak flowering season for the collection of specimens and semi-structured interviews on the uses of medicinal plants. A total of 150 participants selected randomly and the demographic information (age, gender) and status of conservation was aggregated using a semi-structured questionnaire collected from each site. Informants were interviewed in their local language (Pashto).Results: A total of 62 ethno-medicinal plant species belonging to 37 families were recorded. A considerable proportion of the ethno-medicinal plant species were used for gastro-intestinal disorders. Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) ranged from 0.48 to 0.3. The highest RFC value was registered for Jasminum officinale 0.48. Similarly, the UV (Use Value) range from 0.92 to 0.35, with highest values for Citrus medica (0.92), Lagenaria siceraria (0.55), and Lycopersicum esculentum (0.5). Older participants from 55-70 years of age showed higher knowledge about plants, followed by the age group 45-55. Conclusion:In the present study, some plants were of key importance i.e., Citrus medica, Lagenaria siceraria, Lycopersicum esculentum, Lactuca sativa and Brassica rapa. This documentation of medicinal plants and their uses shows the rich tradition in ethno-medicinal knowledge of the District Malakand, Pakistan.

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Phytochemical and pharmacological uses of medicinal plants to treat cancer: A case study from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, North Pakistan

Cited by 31 publications

References 140 publications

Effect of Cadmium and Copper Exposure on Growth, Physio-Chemicals and Medicinal Properties of Cajanus cajan L. (Pigeon Pea)

Effect of Cadmium and Copper Exposure on Growth, Physio-Chemicals and Medicinal Properties of Cajanus cajan L. (Pigeon Pea)

Application of Green Gold Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis

Quantitative ethnobotanical appraisal of medicinal plants used by indigenous communities of District Malakand, Pakistan

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