Phytochemical, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity screening of ethanol extract of &lt;i&gt;Acacia ehrenbergiana&lt;/i&gt; Hayne grown in Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia

Makeen, Hafiz A.; Alhazmi, Hassan A.; Khalid, Asaad; Bratty, Mohammed Al; Syame, Sohier M.; Abdalla, Ashraf N.; Homeida, Husham E.; Sultana, Shahnaz; Ahsan, Waquar

doi:10.4314/tjpr.v19i2.14

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…The free radical scavenging activity of the investigated extracts was assessed using the direct DPPH assay [ 16 ]. In this assay, DPPH (deep purple colored free radical) turns into pale yellow when reduced by antioxidants present in the sample.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study on the ethanolic extract of Acacia ehrenbergiana showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect at a 300 mg/kg dose [ 15 ]. Another study conducted on the ethanol extract of the flower of Acacia ehrenbergiana identified 15 phytoconstituents with potent antibacterial activity against several bacterial strains including S. aureus, E. fecalis, E. coli, P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumonia [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytochemical Analysis of Acaciaehrenbergiana (Hayne) Grown in Qatar: Identification of Active Ingredients and Their Biological Activities

Thotathil¹,

Rizk²,

Fakrooh³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Acacia ehrenbergiana (Hayne), also known as Salam, is a highly drought resistant shrub distributed in North and East Africa, and the Arabian Peninsula. The plant is gathered for its gum and fiber, and is an important legume species for indigenous populations. In this study, the phytochemical analysis, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties of various alcoholic and aqueous extracts of Acacia ehrenbergiana grown in Qatar were investigated. The qualitative phytochemical screening of this species exhibited the presence of glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, phenol, and anthraquinones in various extracts. The agar diffusion method was performed to check the antibacterial activity. The acetone and ethanol extracts showed 85% antibacterial activity of the control against Gram-negative E. coli, while the acetone extract had 65% activity against the Bacillus Gram-positive species. The highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus was 65% for the butanol extract. The antioxidant capacities were evaluated by the DPPH method. Various extracts exhibited antioxidant activities similar to or higher than standard antioxidants, with the highest percent inhibition of 95% for the acetone and ethanol extracts. The acetone extracts were further purified by reverse phase combiflash chromatography followed by HPLC. Three of the pure compounds isolated were subjected to MS, FTIR, and NMR spectral analysis and were found to be stigmasterol, spinasterol, and theogallin. In conclusion, the observed antibacterial and antioxidant activities as well as the presence of secondary metabolites with potential medicinal activities makes Acacia ehrenbergiana a potent valuable endemic medicinal plant.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Analysis of Acaciaehrenbergiana (Hayne) Grown in Qatar: Identification of Active Ingredients and Their Biological Activities

Thotathil¹,

Rizk²,

Fakrooh³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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“…With continued research, these and other Saudi Arabian plants may prove to be valuable sources of natural compounds for the development of new cancer therapies. Recent studies reported that local plant extracts from Saudi Arabia, including O. heteracanthum ( Gouda et al, 2014 ), A. ehrenbergiana ( Makeen et al, 2020 ), O. vaillantii ( Gouda et al, 2014 ), C. rotundus ( AlQathama et al, 2022 ), C. carandas ( Alshehri, 2020 ), C. spinarum ( AlQathama et al, 2022 ), and C. sinensis ( Dou et al, 2021 ), exhibited remarkable and potent cytotoxic effects on the ovary cancer cell line. Nevertheless, the specific mechanisms of action underlying these medicinal plants remain unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The indigenous uses and pharmacological activity of these plants in Saudi Arabia demonstrate the strong relationship between local remedies, diet, health, and traditional healing practices unique to their cultures. Previous studies provide shreds of evidence that indigenous plants in Saudi Arabia, including Onopordum heteracanthum ( Gouda et al, 2014 ), Acacia ehrenbergiana ( Makeen et al, 2020 ), Osteospermum vaillantii ( Gouda et al, 2014 ), Cyperus rotundus ( AlQathama et al, 2022 ), Carissa carandas ( Alshehri, 2020 ), Carissa spinarum ( AlQathama et al, 2022 ), and Camellia sinensis ( Dou et al, 2021 ), have anti-cancer properties for ovarian cancer. Plants found in these regions have been used by local inhabitants for treating a wide range of ailments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From desert flora to cancer therapy: systematic exploration of multi-pathway mechanisms using network pharmacology and molecular modeling approaches

Alblihy

2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Ovarian cancer, often labeled a “silent killer,” remains one of the most compelling and challenging areas of cancer research. In 2019 alone, a staggering 222,240 new cases of ovarian cancer were reported, with nearly 14,170 lives tragically lost to this relentless disease. The absence of effective diagnostic methods, increased resistance to chemotherapy, and the heterogeneous nature of ovarian cancer collectively contribute to the unfavorable prognosis observed in the majority of cases. Thus, there is a pressing need to explore therapeutic interventions that offer superior efficacy and safety, thereby enhancing the survival prospects for ovarian cancer patients. Recognizing this potential, our research synergizes bioinformatics with a network pharmacology approach to investigate the underlying molecular interactions of Saudi Arabian flora (Onopordum heteracanthum, Acacia ehrenbergiana, Osteospermum vaillantii, Cyperus rotundus, Carissa carandas, Carissa spinarum, and Camellia sinensis) in ovarian cancer treatment. At first, phytoconstituents of indigenous flora and their associated gene targets, particularly those pertinent to ovarian cancer, were obtained from open-access databases. Later, the shared targets of plants and diseases were compared to identify common targets. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of predicted targets was then constructed for the identification of key genes having the highest degree of connectivity among networks. Following that, a compound–target protein–pathway network was constructed, which uncovered that, namely, hispidulin, stigmasterol, ascorbic acid, octopamine, cyperene, kaempferol, pungenin, citric acid, d-tartaric acid, beta-sitosterol, (−)-epicatechin gallate, and (+)-catechin demonstrably influence cell proliferation and growth by impacting the AKT1 and VEGFA proteins. Molecular docking, complemented by a 20-ns molecular dynamic (MD) simulation, was used, and the binding affinity of the compound was further validated. Molecular docking, complemented by a 20-ns MD simulation, confirmed the binding affinity of these compounds. Specifically, for AKT1, ascorbic acid showed a docking score of −11.1227 kcal/mol, interacting with residues Ser A:240, Leu A:239, Arg A:243, Arg C:2, and Glu A:341. For VEGFA, hispidulin exhibited a docking score of −17.3714 kcal/mol, interacting with Asn A:158, Val A:190, Gln B:160, Ser A:179, and Ser B:176. To sum up, both a theoretical and empirical framework were established by this study, directing more comprehensive research and laying out a roadmap for the potential utilization of active compounds in the formulation of anti-cancer treatments.

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“…The clonogenic survival is a viability assay, in which the ability of individual cancer cells to form progeny colonies, was assessed based on a previous report [ 52 ]. Briefly, MCF7 cells were seeded in 2 mL of media at low density (2 × 10 2 ) in 6-well plates as duplicates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of Targeting VEGFR-2 and Cyclin D1 in Luminal-A Breast Cancer

et al. 2020

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The hormonal luminal-A is the most pre-dominant sub type of breast cancer (BC), and it is associated with a high level of cyclin D1 in Saudi patients. Tamoxifen is the golden therapy for hormonal BC, but resistance of cancer cells to tamoxifen contributes to the recurrence of BC due to many reasons, including high levels of AIB1 and cyclin D1. Overcoming drug resistance could be achieved by exploring alternative targetable therapeutic pathways and new drugs or combinations. The objective of this study was to determine the differentially enriched pathways in 12 samples of Saudi women diagnosed with luminal-A using the PamChip peptide microarray-based kinase activity profiling, and to compare the activity of HAA2020 and dinaciclib with tamoxifen in singles and combinations in the MCF7 luminal-A cell line. Our results of network and pathway analysis of the 12 samples highlighted the importance of VEGFR and CDKs in promoting luminal-A breast cancer. The activation of VEGF signaling via VEGFR-2 leads to activation of PI3K/AKT kinases and an increase of cell survival, and leads to activation of Hsp90, which induces the phosphorylation of FAK1, resulting in cytoskeleton remodeling. PLC-gamma 1 is also activated, leading to FAK-2 and PKC activation. Notably, the G1/S cell cycle phases and phosphorylation processes contribute to the top seven tumorigenesis processes in the 12 samples. Further, the MTT combination of HAA2020 and dinaciclib showed the best combination index (CI), was more clonogenic against MCF7 cells compared to the other combinations, and it also showed the best selectivity index (SI) in normal MRC5 cells. Interestingly, HAA2020 and dinaciclib showed a synergistic apoptotic and G1 cell cycle effect in MCF7 cells, which was supported by their synergistic CDK2, cyclin D1, and PCNA inhibition activities. Additionally, the combination showed VEGFR-2 and Hsp90 inhibition activities in MCF7 cells. The results show the significance of targeting VEGFR-2 and cyclin D1 in Saudi luminal-A breast cancer patients, and the effect of combining HAA2020 and dinaciclib on those targets in the MCF7 model. It also warrants further preclinical and in vivo investigations for the combination of HAA2020 and dinaciclib as a possible future second-line treatment for luminal-A breast cancers.

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Phytochemical, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity screening of ethanol extract of <i>Acacia ehrenbergiana</i> Hayne grown in Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Phytochemical Analysis of Acaciaehrenbergiana (Hayne) Grown in Qatar: Identification of Active Ingredients and Their Biological Activities

Phytochemical Analysis of Acaciaehrenbergiana (Hayne) Grown in Qatar: Identification of Active Ingredients and Their Biological Activities

From desert flora to cancer therapy: systematic exploration of multi-pathway mechanisms using network pharmacology and molecular modeling approaches

Significance of Targeting VEGFR-2 and Cyclin D1 in Luminal-A Breast Cancer

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