Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Extracts from Ampelocissus africana (Lour) Merr (Vitaceae) Rhizomes

Abstract

Aims: To determine the phytochemical composition and evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of methanolic and aqueous extracts from Ampelocissus africana (Lour) Merr rhizomes.
 Study Design: Phytochemical content and screening, in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays.
 Place and Duration of Study: Department of Traditional Pharmacopoeia and Pharmacy (MEPHATRA / PH) of the Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSS) and Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Chemistry (LABIOCA), University Joseph KI-ZERBO in Ouagadougou between April and August 2020.
 Methodology: The antioxidant activity of both extracts of the plant was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS+ radical cation decolorization, ferric ion reduction and lipid peroxidation inhibition in rat liver assays. The anti-inflammatory activities in vitro were measured on the ability of the extract to inhibit the activity of enzymes such as 15-lipoxygenase, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2).
 Results: This study revealed that the total phenolic contents of the extracts varied from 471.79 ± 1.71 mg GAE/g to 173.88 ± 1.71 mg GAE/g for methanolic and aqueous extract respectively. The extracts were also rich in flavonoids and tannins. The methanolic extract possessed better antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 2.32 ± 0.18 µg/ml for the ABTS, 1.71 ± 0.05 µg/mL for the DPPH, a reducing power agent of 87.44 ± 0.5 mmol AAE /100 g and a percentage inhibition of lipid peroxidation of 52.21%. The methanolic and aqueous extract of A. africana has an inhibitory action on activity of lipoxygenase with IC50 values of 26.09 ± 1.83 μg/mL to 34.32 ± 1.60 μg/mL, respectively. The methanolic extract caused COX-1 inhibition of 36.07%, COX-2 inhibition of 38.31% and PLA2 inhibition of 26.9%.
 Conclusion: These results showed that the methanolic and aqueous extract from the rhizomes of Ampelocissus africana possessed antioxidant power, inhibitor effect against proinflammatory enzymes.

Therapeutic effect of aqueous extract from Ampelocissus africana (Lour) Merr rhizomes on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in Wistar rats

“…CAT and SOD protect prostate cells, which activate the body's defense system against the damage caused by increased lipid peroxidation (35,36). These results confirm the antioxidant effect in vitro of the extract elucidated in the previous studies (19).…”

“…AAA improved CRP levels dose-dependently. The extract has shown antiinflammatory effects in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting lipoxygenase (19,20).…”

“…Ampelocissus africana is a woody vine belonging to the Vitaceae family. Its rhizomes are used in traditional medicine to manage diseases with an inflammatory component, particularly gout, edema, hemorrhoids, rheumatism, and infected wounds (19). Our previous studies have reported that A. africana is an essential herbal medicine due to its anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant effects (19,20).…”

“…Its rhizomes are used in traditional medicine to manage diseases with an inflammatory component, particularly gout, edema, hemorrhoids, rheumatism, and infected wounds (19). Our previous studies have reported that A. africana is an essential herbal medicine due to its anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant effects (19,20). However, there is little research on the therapeutic effectiveness of A. africana rhizomes against diseases affecting the prostate.…”

study of antiradical activity, phospholipase A and 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity of eight malian medicinal plants used by traditional healers to treat inflammatory diseases

“…Type V sPLA 2 (phospholipase A 2 ) has been shown to be involved in eicosanoids formation in inflammatory cells, such as macrophages and mast cells. 17 Cayman's sPLA2 Inhibitor Assay allows the Screening Type V sPLA 2 inhibitors. Thus, the assay of this enzyme was performed using the method described by Cayman Chemical Co. (MI, USA) in catalog No.…”