Phytochemical constituents and potential applications of Thomson Navel orange (Citrus × aurantium var. sinensis L.) peel extracts: Antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative properties

Assessment of adenosine triphosphate content in sausages stuffed in different modified casing treatments added with orange extracts, utilising hyperspectral imaging combined with multivariate analysis

“…A lower ATP value was achieved when a higher orange extract addition was associated with a lower soy lecithin concentration, which indicates the antimicrobial attribute of the orange extracts. The antimicrobial properties of the Thomson navel orange extracts that were soxhlet-extracted by hexane (non-polar extract) and methanol (polar extract) have been studied ( 33 ). For gram-positive bacteria like Listeria monocytogenes , the inhibitory halo diameter of the polar extract was observed to be significantly smaller (9.66 ± 0.06 mm) than that of the non-polar extract (10.33 ± 0.03 mm) ( p < 0.05 ).…”

“…The addition of orange extracts may prevent the vacuum-packaged sausages from Listeria monocytogenes. The study of Chakroun et al ( 33 ) also investigated the antibacterial activity of gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli. It was found that the polar extract exhibited a zone of inhibition of 9.33 ± 0.03 mm, followed by 9 ± 0.01 mm and 8 ± 0.01 mm for the non-polar extract and hesperidin, respectively.…”