Phytochemical investigation of Ludwigia adscendens subsp. diffusa aerial parts in context of its biological activity

Abstract

Ludwigia adscendens subsp. diffusa (Onagraceae), an important aquatic herb widely distributed in the Nile River and canals in Egypt. The goal of the current study is to investigate the phytochemical composition of L. adscendens aerial parts n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions and screening of its biological activities. Phytochemical investigation of L. adscendens resulted in the isolation and purification of eleven compounds belonging to flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, and oligosaccharides, of which one compound was identified as new using different spectroscopic techniques. Compound 2 was identified as a new compound namely, 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranoside (1 → 4) α-L-rhamnopyranoside]-23-O-feruloyl-hederagenin-28-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranoside (1 → 2) β-D-glucopyranoside], along with other 10 well know compounds. Furthermore, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective and cytotoxic activities of n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions were investigated in vitro, revealing that ethyl acetate fraction was the most active as antidiabetic (IC50 = 62.3 µg/mL), hepatoprotective (IC50 = 80.75 µg/mL), and cytotoxic against human prostate cancer cell line (IC50 = 52.2 µg/mL). Collectively, L. adscendens aerial part is rich with a myriad of phytochemicals with potential health benefits.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Ludwigia adscendens (L.) Hara, 1953 (Onagraceae)

“… 2020 , 2021 ; Baky et al. 2022 ). Studies have shown that during the growth process of L. adscendens , this plant can absorb nutrients in wastewater, and thus play a promising role in improving water pollution (Xu et al.…”

“…L. adscendens is a perennial floating aquatic herbaceous plant, in the genus Ludwigia of the family Onagraceae, which is commonly known as Water Dragon (Baky et al. 2022 ). L. adscendens are distributed worldwide but are mainly distributed in Asia and are common in southern China.…”

“… 2014 ; Baky et al. 2022 ). These studies further showed that L. adscendens have a broad spectrum of biological functions, such as anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, cytotoxic, anti-oxidative, iron chelating, and anti-lipoxygenase and anti-glucosidase activities (Ooh et al.…”

“… 2014 ; Baky et al. 2022 ). Until now, the chloroplast genomes of several species of the Onagraceae family have been published (Yang et al.…”

In-vitro Pharmacological Investigation of Ludwigia adscendens

“…There are a number of traditional applications for Ludwigia species, including anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, anti-diabetic and antibacterial symptom alleviating properties. Flavonoids, saponins, phenolic compounds, and triterpenes are only some of the many types of phytochemicals that have been attributed to the Genus Ludwigia's abundance [10]. Quercetin, quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside or quercitrin, quercetin 3-O-galactoside, quercetin 3-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol 3-Oglucoside, myricetin 3-O-rhamnoside or myricitrin, and myricetin 3-O-galactoside have all been identified as being present in Ludwigia adscendens [11].…”