Phytochemical overview and medicinal importance of Coffea species from the past until now

Abstract

Coffea (coffee) species are grown in almost all countries along the Equator. Many members of the genus have a large production history and an important role both in the global market and researches. Seeds (Coffeae semen) are successfully used in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries due to its caffeine and high polyphenol content. Nowadays, the three best-known coffee species are Arabic (Coffea arabica L.), Robusta (Coffea robusta L. Linden), and Liberian coffees (Coffea liberica Hiern.). Even though, many records are available on coffee in scientific literature, wild coffee species like Bengal coffee (Coffea benghalensis Roxb. Ex Schult.) could offer many new opportunities and challenges for phytochemical and medical studies. In this comprehensive summary, we focused on the ethnomedicinal, phytochemical, and medical significance of coffee species up to the present.

Optimization of ultrasonic‐assisted extraction conditions for bioactive components from coffee leaves using the Taguchi design and response surface methodology

“…Coffee leaves have been used as ethnomedicine and tea‐like beverage in coffee plant growing countries such as South Sudan, Ethiopia, Indonesia, et al. (Patay, Bencsik, & Papp, 2016; Ross, 2005). Recently, industry applications of coffee leaves such as therapeutic agents for hypertension, gastrointestinal inflammation, and diabetes; tobacco substitute; animal feed; packaging material; personal hygienic products; vehicle perfume; and antimicrobial agents et al.…”

Hydroxycinnamoyl Amino Acids Conjugates: A Chiral Pool to Distinguish Commercially Exploited Coffea spp.

“…Coffea liberica Bull ex Hiern, contributing less than one per cent of the marketed coffee, is the third commercially exploited coffee species, well known for its larger cherries, when compared with those of C. arabica or C. canephora. C. liberica is less cultivated, due to its lower caffeine content (1.8% dry matter basis), and to its sensitivity to Fusarium xyloriodes, despite the fact that this species was of great economic importance during the 1930-1950 period [12]. Due to its low economic importance, C. liberica is also the less studied of the three considered species.…”

Free radical scavenging activities of phytochemical mixtures and aqueous methanolic extracts recovered from processed coffee leaves

“…Traditional practices of using coffee leaves as tea have been used for centuries in countries such as Ethiopia, South Sudan and Indonesia (Ross, 2005). Coffee leaves have also been used as ethnomedicines to ameliorate disorders or diseases in the countries such as Haiti, Uganda, Cuba, Nicaragua, Peru, et al (Ross, 2005;Patay et al, 2016;Chen, 2018). Recently, researchers who characterised the phytochemical components in coffee leaves reported the presence of chlorogenic acids, mangiferin, rutin, caffeine, trigonelline, carotenoids, catechins, anthocyanin, quercitrin, kaempferol and related glycosides (Ross, 2005;Campa et al, 2012;Martins et al, 2014;Patay et al, 2016;Chen et al, 2018).…”

“…Coffee leaves have also been used as ethnomedicines to ameliorate disorders or diseases in the countries such as Haiti, Uganda, Cuba, Nicaragua, Peru, et al (Ross, 2005;Patay et al, 2016;Chen, 2018). Recently, researchers who characterised the phytochemical components in coffee leaves reported the presence of chlorogenic acids, mangiferin, rutin, caffeine, trigonelline, carotenoids, catechins, anthocyanin, quercitrin, kaempferol and related glycosides (Ross, 2005;Campa et al, 2012;Martins et al, 2014;Patay et al, 2016;Chen et al, 2018). Although the underlying mechanisms for the health benefits derived from coffee leaves remains to be substantiated, it is plausible that the complex and unique mixture of phytochemicals present in coffee leaves determine the level of antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities recently reported in Chen et al (2018).…”