Phytochemical Process for the Functionalization of Materials with Metal Nanoparticles: Current Trends and Future Perspectives

Abstract

The bioreduction process, that utilizes the plant extracts, have been explored extensively as a green chemical route for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles due to their eco-friendly protocol as well as versatility in the selection of various plant resources. Recent advances in this plant extract mediated biological process are the fabrication of functional nanostructures. Bioreduction mechanism catalyzes the combining process of metal nanoparticles with other kind of materials including metal, metal oxides, cellulosic, zeolite and carbon nanomaterials. Integrating metal nanoparticles with various materials offers new functional properties and improves their performance comparing to their pristine counterpart. In this review, plant-based biochemical substances, which influence the metal ion into metal and their controlled nucleation on the surface of other kinds of materials are highlighted, and the future prospect of this bio-based synthesis of functional nanostructures are discussed.[a] M. Hariram, Dr. S. Vivekanandhan

Sapindus mukorossi seed shell extract mediated green synthesis of CuO nanostructures: an efficient catalyst for C–N bond-forming reactions

“…[21][22][23] The plant extracts contain different types of bioactive molecules, which often act as a reducing agent, capping agent or stabilizing agent for various nanoparticle systems. [21][22][23]26 In the synthesis of CuO NPs, mostly the phytochemicals reduce the copper ions and then converts them into CuO. 23,27,28 Hence, the biogenic process involving phytochemicals in the form of plant extract has been proved to be a good alternative for the synthesis of CuO NPs.…”

“…4,9,10,[28][29][30] It has been documented that the phytochemicals present in a particular plant extract at different concentrations furnish unique morphology, size and shape to the formed NPs. 22,26,30 Also, the type of plant extract, concentration, pH of the medium, time and temperature affects the reaction rate and hence the growth of CuO NPs. 23,30 Therefore, it is crucial to optimise a plant extract mediated synthesis method that may lead to the production of unique and highly functional CuO NPs.…”

Trends in Green Chemistry Research between 2012 and 2022: Current Trends and Research Agenda

“…In one of these studies, rice seed extracts were used to synthesise gold nanoparticles, whose size can be adjusted by varying the concentration of the silver precursor. When monodisperse, these gold sensors show excellent nanoporosity and an excellent response to glucose detection in a specific range [95]. The term green engineering is also found in this quadrant, which includes green chemistry concepts and advances, implemented and put into practice by engineering, under a framework of technical improvement and economic viability with minimal environmental impact [96].…”

An overview of green synthesis mediated metal nanoparticles preparation and its scale up opportunities

“…which not only contribute to the formation of nanoparticles but also aid in the stabilization of MNP. Additionally, they also impart pharmacological activity 87 . Some of the possible phytochemicals responsible are listed below:…”