Phytochemical profile and biological activities of Deverra tortuosa (Desf.)DC.: a desert aromatic shrub widespread in Northern Region of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

The present study describes the chemical composition of the essential oil of different plant parts of Devrra tortuosa; in vivo and in vitro biological activities of plant extract and essential oils. Apiol was found to be the major component of the oil (between 65.73% and 74.41%). The best antioxidant activities were observed for the oil of flowers (IC50 = 175 μg/ml). The samples of stems and roots exhibit lower antioxidant activity (IC50 = 201 μg/ml and 182 μg/ml, respectively). The values of IC50 showed that the extracts of methanol exhibit the highest antioxidants activities (IC50 = 64.8 102 μg/ml). EOs showed excellent antifungal activity against yeasts with low azole susceptibilities (i.e. Malassezia spp. and Candida krusei). The MIC values of oils varied between 2.85 mg/mL and 27 mg/mL. The obtained results also showed that the plant extracts inhibited the germination and the shoot and root growth of Triticum æstivum seedlings.

Essential Oil of Deverra tortuosa Aerial Parts: Detailed Chemical Profile, Allelopathic, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities

“…In a general view of the chemical profile of D. tortuosa , the terpenoid compounds were found as the main constituents (85.57 %), in addition to acyclic compounds (11.05 %), phenyl propanoids (1.11 %), and carotenoid‐derived compounds (0.06 %). The abundance of the terpenoids is in agreement with the previous studies of EOs of D. tortuosa collected from Sadat City, Egypt, [30] Wadi Hagul, Egypt, [31] and Saudi Arabia [32] …”

“…The identified sesquiterpenes were classified into sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (2.33 %) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (36.96 %). The plenty of the sesquiterpenes is in harmony with that described for the EOs of the other Egyptian ecospecies, [30,31] and the Saudi plant [32] . The non‐oxygenated sesquiterpenes were represented by only nine identified compounds with low concentration, in which, γ ‐muurolene (0.77 %) and junipene (0.71 %) were found as main compounds.…”

“…The preponderance of the monoterpenes was distinguished with the two categories including monoterpene hydrocarbons (30.25 %) and oxygenated monoterpenes (15.90 %). The profusion of the monoterpenes was found in harmony with the studies of two Egyptian eco‐plants, [30,31] while it showed inconsistency with those reported of the Saudi ecospecies [32] . From all the monoterpenes components, the oxygenated compounds were found as almost twice of the non‐oxygenated compounds.…”

“…In this study, several menthane derivatives were characterized by high concentration and these results agreed with the present findings. Also, the reported results of Guetat et al [32] . described the monoterpenes as minors but with remarkable concentrations of the derivatives of cymene and menthane.…”

Characterization of the wild trees and shrubs in the Egyptian flora

“…Atriplex halimus) (Shaltout & Al-Sodany, 2002). Deverra tortuosa may be used as a natural herbicide as well as a good source for yeast control (Guetat, 2018). The wood of Phoenix dactylifera was used as a tooth brush (Shaltout & Ahmed, 2012) A recent study on Pluchea dioscoridis proved that the ethanolic leaf extract of it has antifungal activity (Metwally et al, 2020)..…”