Phytochemical profile and gastroprotective potential of Myrcianthes pungens fruits and leaves

Abstract

Background: The last decade has been marked by increasing data regarding gastroinstestinal diseases, specially gastritis and ulcer. In order to prevent or treat these diseases, many studies have demonstrated the potential of medicinal plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical profile and the gastroprotective activity of the methanolic extract of Myrcianthes pungens whole fruit, peel, pulp, seeds, and leaves. Methods: The methanolic extracts were analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) to detect the presence of phenolic compounds by direct comparison with an authentic sample. To evaluate the gastroprotective activity, two experimental models were used: acute ulcer model induced by ethanol/HCl and acute ulcer model induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (indomethacin). Animals were divided in different groups (n = 6) and pretreated orally with the methanolic extracts of M. pungens at doses of 50, 125, and 250 mg/kg, the positive control (cimetidine 100 mg/kg) and negative control (distilled water). Results: The TLC analysis indicated the presence of the flavonoids quercetin and quercitrin in the leaves, quercetin in the peel, and catechin and epicatechin in the leaves and seeds of M. pungens. The extracts of leaves, peel, and pulp showed significant gastroprotective potential regarding the relative area of the lesion observed only in acute ulcer model induced by ethanol. The extracts of whole fruit, peel, pulp, seeds, and leaves showed significant gastroprotective potential observed in acute ulcer induced by indomethacin model. Conclusions: The gastroprotective activity can be related with the presence of some phenolic compounds identified in phytochemical analysis.

Allanblackia floribunda Seed Extract Attenuates the Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats via the Inhibition of TNF-α and INF-γ Levels and Modulation in the Expression of Ki67 Protein

“…floribunda was found to contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, fatty acids, and saponins among others. This agrees with earlier reports on the plant [ 16 , 39 ], which suggests that flavonoids and phenolic compounds possess good antiulcer and anti-inflammatory properties alongside other phytochemicals [ 33 , 40 ]. It is suggested that the presence of those phytochemicals contributed to the amelioration of gastric ulcers induced by ethanol administration.…”

Biological activity and chemical composition of native fruits: a review

“…The fruit is highly perishable, with a maximum shelf life of 3 days (73) , because it is extremely fragile in structure, requiring special care in the harvest (4) . Freeze-drying or freezing the pulp are options for its conservation that enable the maintenance of most bioactive compounds (74) , especially anthocyanins, phenolic compounds and carotenoids (75) . The concentration of anthocyanins increases during storage at room temperature (25 ºC) (75) .…”