Phytochemical Profiling and Larval Control of Erythrina variegata Methanol Fraction against Malarial and Filarial Vector

Abstract

Erythrina variegata (E. variegata) bioactive chemical has been the potential to be utilized as a good, eco-friendly approach for the control of mosquito population. In the present investigation, methanol extract using insecticidal compounds isolated against mosquito larvae kill assay was carried out. Secondary metabolism was characterized by thin layer chromatography, column chromatography, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectral, and identification of compound. Mosquito immature third instar larval, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus have been exposed to different concentrations of 50-250 µg/ml. Totally, larvae were death rate 98.2% (significant value 0.001b) from methanol extract and it is significant toxicity against larvae of An. stephensi and Cx. quinquefasciatus with LC50/LC99 values were 157.69/339.55 µg/ml and 137.67/297.33 µg/ml, respectively. FT-IR analysis in the functional groups such as alcohol, amines, amides, alkenes, 1⁎ amines, aromatic amines, aliphatic amines, 1⁎,2⁎ amines, and alkyl halides searched the identity of secondary metabolites, which may act as 12-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester compound and clearly indicates being phytochemical. Chemical constituents of twenty-five compounds were identified in the methanol extract. The major components were 12-Octadecenoic acid and methyl ester (37.31%). Compound molecules consist of carbon 19 atoms (gray), hydrogen 36 atoms (greenish blue), and oxygen 2 atoms (red), indicated by the different colors. The results were obtained suggesting that, in addition to their pharmaceutical and medicine sources, 12-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester compound can also serve as a natural mosquito control.

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“…(also known as Chichinguaste) of family Lamiaceae by means of repeated preparative thin layer and column chromatography by using five-step petroleum ether and ethyl acetate elution system (5% < 10% < 20% < 40% and finally 100% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether) and detected TLC plates by anisaldehyde reagent. Recently, Baranitharan et al, (2019) 13 have also reported the phytochemical analysis of Erythrina variegata and observed the efficacy of Erythrina variegata methanol extract purified fraction against malarial and filarial vector and their results were found to be very similar to the results obtained in the present study as shown in Table 4.…”

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“…To improve the signal to noise ratio, the sample was then scanned 16 times for transmittance between 4000 and 400 cm − 1 (the mid-IR region). Each peak in the infrared spectrum was printed along with a label indicating its matching wavelength (Baranitharan et al 2019).…”

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