Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant and Cardioprotective Properties of Pinot Noir Cultivar Pomace Extracts

Abstract

Fresh and fermented pomace extracts from Vitis vinifera L. Pinot noir were investigated. Total phenolic index, condensed tannins, total anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, flavan-3-ol monomers, stilbenes and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenger ability were measured. The effect of seven days pre-treatment on the isoprenaline-induced infarct-like lesion in rats was assessed by monitoring ECG and serum aspartate and alanine transaminase and creatine kinase. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring serum total oxidative status, total antioxidant response, oxidative stress index, malondialdehyde, total thiols and nitric oxide. The extracts had high phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Both extracts improved ECG changes, cardiac markers and oxidative stress. In conclusions, fresh and fermented Pinot noir pomace extracts were cardio-protective by reducing oxidative stress. RezumatAu fost evaluate extractele proaspete și fermentate din tescovină de stuguri Pinot noir. A fost efectuată analiza fitochimică și s-a determinat activitatea antioxidantă in vitro cu DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazil). Efectul pre-tratamentului de șapte zile asupra infarctului miocardic acut indus cu izoprenalină la șobolani a fost evaluat prin ECG și prin monitorizarea nivelurilor serice de transaminaze și creatin-kinază. Stresul oxidativ a fost evaluat prin determinarea serică a statusului oxidativ total, reactivității antioxidante totale, a indexului stresului oxidativ, a malondialdehidei, a tiolilor totali și a oxidului nitric. Ambele extracte au avut un conținut ridicat de polifenoli și activitate antioxidantă in vitro. Extractele au îmbunătățit modificările ECG, biomarkerii cardiaci și stresul oxidativ. În concluzie, extractele de tescovină de Pinot noir au avut efect cardioprotector prin reducerea stresului oxidativ.

Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Antiproliferative Effects of the Vitis vinifera L. var. Fetească Neagră and Pinot Noir Pomace Extracts

“…All GP extracts had moderate inhibitory effect on MDA formation (p < 0.01). These results may be linked to the finding that flavan-3-ols monomers reduce LDL oxidizability through their incorporation into the LDL particles and the radical trapping effects (Annunziata et al, 2018;Annunziata et al, 2019) and to our previous study which reported an important content of flavan-3-ols monomers in the GP extracts (Balea et al, 2018b;Balea et al, 2018a). There were no significant differences between the effects on MDA of the two grape varieties or between fresh and fermented GP extracts of the same variety (p > 0.05) ( Table 3).…”

“…In a previous study we found significant concentrations of resveratrol in the Feteascăneagrăand Pinot noir GP extracts, the fresh GP extracts having a higher concentration (Balea et al, 2018a;Balea et al, 2018b). Several in vitro studies have shown that resveratrol has antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective and antiplatelet activity, and glycosylated stilbenes have antifungal and antioxidant effects (Flamini et al, 2013).…”

A Design of Experiments Strategy to Enhance the Recovery of Polyphenolic Compounds from Vitis vinifera By-Products through Heat Reflux Extraction

“…In this sense, the vegetable products were ground in a coffee grinder (RC-21 Electroarges, Arges, Romania) for 5 min. Then, the powders were screened through a 200 µm sieve (Retsch, Haan, Germany) [19,20,21].…”

Potential health benefits of phenolic compounds in grape processing by-products

“…Among the polyphenols identified in the extract were malvidin, delphinidin, rutin, quercetin, catechin, coumaric acid, kaempferol, and trans-cinnamic acid, which could explain the prevention of hypertrophy, inflammation, fibrosis, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis observed upon administration of the extract (Chacar et al, 2018;. In addition, the potential in vivo cardioprotective effect of fresh (high condensed tannins and anthocyanin contents) and fermented (high polyphenolic content) GP extracts from V. vinifera L. Pinot noir cultivar from Romania was demonstrated (Balea et al, 2018). In accordance with other studies, GP polyphenols could promote cardioprotection via different mechanisms.…”

“…In accordance with other studies, GP polyphenols could promote cardioprotection via different mechanisms. For instance, GP treatment effectively attenuated myocardial infarction in rats by reducing serum oxidative biomarkers, such as malondialdehyde, and increasing the serum total oxidative status and antioxidant reserves (Annapurna et al, 2009;Balea et al, 2018).…”