Phytochemical profiling of Azima tetracantha Lam. leaf methanol extract and elucidation of its potential as a chain-breaking antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative agent

Abstract

Azima tetracantha, a traditional medicinal plant included in the order Brassicales and family Salvadoraceae, is widely used as a dietary supplement in folklore medicines. The plant is also used for the treatment of rheumatism, diarrhea and other inflammatory disorders. The present investigation focused on the phytochemical composition, radical scavenging, reducing potential and anti-proliferative activities of the A. tetracantha leaves. Quantitative estimation of the polyphenols and flavonoids revealed significantly elevated levels in the methanol extract. Corroborating with this, methanol extract exhibited higher in vitro anti-radical scavenging effect against 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (34.14 ± 2.19 μg/mL), and hydrogen peroxide (44.96 ± 1.77 μg/mL), as well as ferric reducing properties (58.24 ± 6.98 μg/mL). The methanolic extract also showed strong lipoxygenase (71.42 ± 6.36 μg/mL) and nitric oxide inhibitory activities (94.23 ± 8.11 μg/mL). Cytotoxic activity against MCF7 cells was found to be higher (IC50= 37.62 ± 2.94 μg/mL), than that of MDAMB231 cells (IC50= 69.11 ± 5.02 μg/mL). The qPCR-based analysis indicated dose-dependent increase in the expression of the pro-apoptotic genes such as executioner caspases and apoptotic protease activating factor-1. Overall, the results indicated the possible use of methanol extract of A. tetracantha leaves as a chain-breaking antioxidant molecule and are capable of inhibiting inflammatory enzymes and the proliferative potential of breast cancer cells.

Wound healing mechanisms of Couroupita guianensis fruit pulp: An ethnomedicine used by traditional healers in India

“…Even methanol extract had a highest TPC compared to the positive control, Calendula extract (648 mg/L). In agreement to our data, highest amount of TPC was found in methanol extract of Azima tetracantha leaf compare to other solvents (Malayil et al 2021). High TPC might be contributed maximum yield in methanolic extract of C. guianensis.…”

The Chemical Composition and Antimitotic, Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Properties of the Defensive Gland Extract of the Beetle, Luprops tristis Fabricius

“…Different concentrations of the defensive extract of the beetle were mixed with phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 7.4) that contained hydrogen peroxide (25 mM). The change in absorbance from the start to the end of 5 min was measured at 230 nm [ 30 ].…”