Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Aqueous Stem Extract of Aloe vera on Some Common Pathogenic Bacteria

Abstract

Aloe vera is one of the most popular ethnomedicinal plants that is commonly used in treating many infectious diseases. However, the knowledge of the spectrum of antimicrobial activity of the plant and its bioactive components is still inadequate. In this study, we carried out an automated determination of phytochemical components in aqueous extract (AE) of Aloe vera whole stem by GC-MS (Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry), determined the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the extract on some common pathogenic bacteria which included Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus by agar well diffusion method, and determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum Bactericidal concentration (MBCs) by agar dilution method. The result showed that the extract has strong antimicrobial activity against all the test organisms. No resistance was observed. The range for zones of inhibition, MIC and MBC were 12.33 ± 0.33-28.67 ± 0.60mm, 25mg/ml-50mg/ml and 50mg/ml-100mg/ml respectively. The most susceptible isolate was S. typhi (MBC = 50mg/ml) and the least sensitive isolate was E. faecalis (MBC = 150mg/ml). The GC-MS of the extract revealed 9 different compounds of which 82.82% are Palmitic acid methyl ester, (7Z)-7-Tetradecenal, Palmitin, 1,2-di-, 2-aminoethyl hydrogen phosphate and Decyl hexanoate with peak areas of 34.40%, 20.48%, 15.46% and 12.48% respectively. In conclusion, Aloe vera contained many broad spectrum antimicrobially active compounds that can be further purified to produce new antimicrobial compounds that can be used in the treatment of many diseases especially those caused by S. typhi, S. aureus and E. coli.

Antioxidant and antimicrobial of three extracts of Caralluma deflersiana Laver

“…To serve as a negative control, 0.1 ml of sterile DMS was added to the central well of each plate, while 0.1 ml of each of the three extracts was added. Each test organism was replicated in triplicate on the plates and incubated at 37 0 C for 24 h, except for C. albicans which was incubated for 48 h. Millimeters of the zones of inhibition formed by various doses of the extract were measured for each of the test isolates, and the triplicate data generated for each concentration were transformed to means and standard error of mean via the GraphPad Instant statistical program [21].…”

“…The diluted extracts were aseptically applied to appropriate plates using a micropipette. For 24 h, six sets of plates for each organism were incubated at 37 • C. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract is approximately 99 percent [21].…”

Formulasi dan uji aktivitas antibakteri sediaan salep daging daun lidah buaya (Aloe vera L.) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus pada penyembuhan luka bernanah

“…Selain itu, lidah buaya diketahui memiliki aktivitas antimikroba yang kuat terhadap bakteri patogen, termasuk Staphylococcus aureus, dan jamur, sehingga menghasilkan zona penghambatan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan antibiotik standar (Salisu & S, 2019). Selain itu, lidah buaya telah terbukti menghambat pertumbuhan berbagai mikroorganisme, termasuk Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, dan Streptococcus spp (Forno-Bell et al, 2019).…”

“…Adapun daya hambat dari salep daging daun lidah buaya (Aloe vera) yang paling efektif dalam menghambat bakteri s.aureus adalah pada konsentrasi 40%. Selain itu, tanaman lidah buaya diketahui memiliki aktivitas antimikroba yang kuat terhadap bakteri patogen, termasuk Staphylococcus aureus, dan jamur, menghasilkan zona hambatan yang lebih tinggi daripada antibiotik standar (Salisu & S, 2019). Lebih lanjut, Aloe vera telah terbukti menghambat pertumbuhan berbagai mikroorganisme, termasuk Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, dan Streptococcus spp (Forno-Bell et al, 2019).…”

Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Aloe barbadensis Miller Leaf Extracts

“…The chemistry of the aloe vera has been studied for many years. Although for the analysis of the phytochemicals in aloe vera, different methods such as fluoro-photometry, Gas chromatography -mass spectrometry (GC-MS), thin layer chromatography, size exclusion chromatography, High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS), atomic-absorption spectrometry, counter current chromatography, capillary electrophoresis and micellar electrokinetic chromatography have been adopted; the GC-MS (Salisu and Shema, 2020) and HPLC (Mukherjee et al, 2013) methods has been widely applied to analyse the components in aloe vera. Chemical analysis reveals that Aloe vera contains various carbohydrate polymers, notably glucoman-Nalado and Tijjani /USci, 2(1): 24 -30, March 2023 nans, along with a range of other organic and inorganic components (Mukherjee et al, 2013).…”