Phytochemical Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Two Techniques Using Saturaja rechengri Jamzad Extract: Identifying and Comparing in Vitro Anti-Proliferative Activities

Abstract

Purpose: A lot of plants are available which can produce nanoparticles used in medicine, life sciences, and the pharmaceutical industry. The present study aims to introduce safe biological and eco-friendly methods for synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by using Saturaja rechengri Jamzad extract, which can replace traditional chemical methods. In addition, the chemical nature and antimicrobial activities were identified and accordingly the anticancer effects of AgNPs was successfully reported on colon cancer cells (HT-29).Methods: Light and ultrasound, as two green chemistry techniques were first used for AgNPs synthesis. Then, morphological and crystalline structure of AgNPs was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, respectively. In addition, functional groups were determined by using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum. Further, a maximum adsorption of AgNPs was observed in UV-visible spectrum. In the next stage, antibacterial activity of green synthesized AgNPs was evaluated against two pathogenic bacteria including Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Finally, the cytotoxicity of AgNPs on HT-29 at different concentrations and times of AgNPs was determined by MTT assay.Results: The findings indicated that the synthesis of AgNPs by ultrasonic technique leads to smaller particle size and more distribution. Based on the results of MTT test for calculating the IC50%, the anti-proliferative effects of the light and ultrasound AgNPs were observed on HT-29 cell lines depending on the dose and time. Finally, the AgNPs had the most cytotoxicity HT-29 cell lines at 100 μg/ml concentration although the lowest toxicity effect was reported on HEK-293 cell lines at the same conditions.Conclusion: The change in the concentration, physical and chemical properties of AgNPs including the form and size of particles, and their type of covering and fields can influence the induction of cytotoxicity and morphological change in the treated cells. The present research opens a new horizon on the development of new biological and cytotoxicity agents.

Green biosynthesized Satureja rechingeri Jamzad-Ag/poly vinyl alcohol film: quality improvement of Oncorhynchus mykiss fillet during refrigerated storage

“…Similar to the findings of this study (Table 3), a new finding indicated that S. aureus was more sensitive to chitosan/PVA nanocomposite than E. coli (Hajji et al, 2016). Dislike, The S-AgNP/Pho extract showed greater effect on the both bacteria (same effectiveness) compared to S-AgNP/Ult one (Narchin et al, 2018). The afore-mentioned differences of the efficiency on the both bacteria may be due to a few factors such as size of AgNPs, types of nano-metals (Meral et al, 2019), bacterial resistance, growth phase of herbs, major composition of extract, and the experiment methodology (Alizadeh, 2015;Paredes et al, 2014).…”

“…The psychrophiles grew fast at 4 °C and no growth was observed at 8 °C after 3rd day of cold preservation, irrespective of the types of coating and sampling days. On the other hands, S-Aqueous/PVA showed the wave, indicating smaller nanoparticles in the aqueous solution (Narchin et al, 2018).…”

“…The 0.001 M silver nitrate (AgNO 3 -Merck, Germany) was combined with S. Rechingeri extract using two following procedures (Narchin et al, 2018):…”

Anti-bacterial/fungal and anti-cancer performance of green synthesized Ag nanoparticles using summer savory extract

“…The results of this research were compared with previous researches on Satureja family plants. The results showed a potential anticancer effect of Summer Savory compared to other plants [56,57]. Many efforts have been made to identify the mechanism of the effect of AgNPs on different cancer cell lines.…”

Recent Progress on Stability and Thermo-Physical Properties of Mono and Hybrid towards Green Nanofluids

“…However, materials such as sodium borohydride and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) intensify the toxicity of the environment, and this matter raises concern among researchers, especially in biomedical applications. Hence, many prior research considered bio-friendly reagents as an alternative to replace toxic reducing agents in the synthesis of nanoparticles, such as phytochemicals [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Phytochemicals are naturally extracted compounds found in plants that can be classified into several groups, such as natural gum, that act as a stabilizer.…”