Phytochemistry and Antioxidant Activities of the Rhizome and Radix of Millettia speciosa Based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS

Abstract

The root of Millettia speciosa Champ. (MSCP) is used in folk medicine and is popular as a soup ingredient. The root is composed of the rhizome and radix, but only the radix has been used as a food. Thus, it is very important to compare the chemical components and antioxidant activities between the rhizome and radix. The extracts were analyzed by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS and multivariate analysis, and the antioxidant activities were evaluated by 2,20-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazo-line-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays. Ninety-one compounds were detected simultaneously and temporarily identified. Ten compounds were identified as chemical markers to distinguish the rhizome from the radix. The antioxidant activities of the radix were higher than the rhizome. Correlation analysis showed that uvaol-3-caffeate, 3-O-caffeoyloleanolic acid, and khrinone E were the main active markers for antioxidant activity, which allowed for the rapid differentiation of rhizomes and the radix. Therefore, it could be helpful for future exploration of its material base and bioactive mechanism. In addition, it would be considered to be used as a new method for the quality control of M. speciosa.

Utilizing Integrated UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS, Multivariate Analysis, and Bioactive Evaluation to Distinguish between Wild and Cultivated Niudali (Millettia speciosa Champ.)

“…Our previous study indicated that MSCP had a strong antioxidant activity [ 17 ]. To demonstrate the difference in efficacy of the wild and cultivated MSCP samples, antioxidant activity was evaluated by ABTS and DPPH assays.…”

“…The antioxidant capacity of foods plays an important role in the diet, which is related to anticancer and anti-aging effects, improvement in immune function, and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and nervous system diseases [ 16 ]. Previous studies have indicated that MSCP had strong antioxidant activity [ 17 ] and anti-fatigue activity [ 18 ]. However, there are no reports about the differences in the chemical constituents and activity evaluation between wild and cultivated MSCP.…”

Hepatoprotective effects of Niudali (Callerya speciosa) root aqueous extracts against tetrachloromethane‐induced acute liver injury and inflammation

“…However, the active compounds in the Niudali water extract that may have contributed to the liver‐protective effects were not identified. Although extensive phytochemical investigation revealed that phenolic compounds are one of the major constituents of Niudali (Zhang et al, 2022 ), several different classes of phytochemicals, such as alkaloids and polysaccharides, are commonly found in Niudali (Zhang et al, 2021 ). It is possible that these chemotypes of compounds also contribute to the overall biological effects of Niudali.…”

“…However, the active compounds in the Niudali water extract that may have contributed to the liver-protective effects were not identified. Although extensive phytochemical investigation revealed that phenolic compounds are one of the major constituents of Niudali(Zhang et al, 2022), several different classes F I G U R E 3 Immunohistochemical staining with IL-6, COX-2, TNFα, and iNOS in the liver tissues of CCl 4 treated mice. Representative IHC images of tissue sections showing in situ expression of IL-6, COX-2, TNFα, and iNOS (a).…”

Binding Affinity Screening of Polyphenolic Compounds in Stachys Affinis extract (SAE) for their Potential Antioxidant and Anti- inflammatory Effects

“…Five major peaks were obtained from UV-vis spectra and HPLC retention times (Figure 1). The five phenolic compounds were identified 3-Indoleacrylic acid [23],…”