Phytoconstituents of two Gleditsia L. species and cytotoxic activity of the isolated curcumin analogues

Abstract

Methanolic extracts of Gleditsia triacanthos L. fruits and Gleditsia caspica Desf. leaves yielded two mono-carbonyl curcumin analogues; (1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-hydroxy-3methoxyphenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one. The isolation of these compounds was reported here for the first time from the named plants. The separation and identification of curcumin analogues from genus Gleditsia in addition to 13 C NMR data of compound 2 were reported here for the first time. Compounds 1 and 2 were assayed in two hepatic cancer cells; HepG-2 and Huh-7. Compound 1 showed high cytotoxic activity against HepG-2 with an IC50 value of 143.99 µM, compared with the standard, IC50 = 124.41 μM.