Phytoestrogen content of fruits and vegetables commonly consumed in the UK based on LC–MS and 13C-labelled standards

Hypospadias and Maternal Intake of Phytoestrogens

“…We developed a database that reflects the phytoestrogen content of foods that were queried for this study (29), using recent values that were generated by using state-of-the-art measurement techniques, for multiple specific phytoestrogens (26). Our study is also strengthened by its large sample size, populationbased control selection, and careful case review.…”

Soy as a Functional Food

“…Some vegetables are high in phytoestrogens content such as flaxseed, which are a rich source of lignans; soybeans and chickpeas have high concentrations of isoflavones. Lignans can also be found in cereals, vegetables, and fruits (Kuhnle et al, 2009), whereas isoflavone-containing foods, may be specially related and limited to grains and soy products such as tofu, soy beverages, soy flour, and soy flakes among others products, due to its high consumption. Discussions about the chemical structure and major properties such as the main biological functions will focus particularly on this type of phytoestrogen.…”

Guide to the Composition of Mediterranean Plant Foods

“…Asparagus is a good source of folate and of the carotenoids lutein, β-carotene and -unusually -capsanthin (which is only found elsewhere in any significant quantities in red peppers) [31]. Asparagus is also a very good source of flavonoids (principally rutin) [32], and of phytoestrogens (most of which is the lignan secoisolariciresinol) [33]. Some people excrete a sulphurous smelling urine after consuming asparagus, and this is believed to be due to methanthiol and other sulphur-containing compounds which are produced from asparagusic acid in those individuals who are able to absorb this compound across the gut (a good illustration of inter-individual variation in phytochemical bioavailability) [34].…”