Phytolith evidence for early agriculture in the East Liao River Basin, Northeast China

Wang, Jiangyong; Sun, L.; Fang, Qi; Fu, Jiaxin; Liu, Baojian; Liu, Ying; Kong, Xiangmei; Niu, Haijun; Gao, Guizai; Meng, Meng; Jie, Dongmei

doi:10.1007/s12520-021-01422-0

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The lake is in the National Nature Reserve and surrounded by dense forests. Historically, there is evidence that it was one of the original locations for dry farming (Liu et al 2000;Wang et al 2021). All of the trees in the surrounding forests were felled in 1977-1978 CE and replanted in.…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

A processing paradigm for loose varved sediments in Anthropocene strata research: An example from the Sihailongwan maar Lake

Lei

Han

Tang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The concept of the “Anthropocene” was first proposed in the early 21st century and aroused widespread discussion in the public and geological community; however it still requires formal definition. The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) is a key tool in this process. Accurate chronology and high-resolution samples are the material basis for studying the Anthropocene. The varved sediment, deposited in Sihailongwan Maar Lake (42°17′N, 126°36′E) in northeast China, is a GSSP candidate site and a new location for studying the Anthropocene as a new stratigraphic unit. Anthropocene strata are the top few centimeters of sediment and characterized by small thickness, high water content, and lack of compaction and consolidation, which is physically different from older strata and requires special sampling and processing methods. There is currently a lack of standard and normative sampling and sample processing methods. Therefore, we propose a new paradigm specifically for the precise study of the top 20 cm of loose sediments. To avoid disturbing and disrupting the deposition sequence and structure of the sediments, freezing techniques and cryogenics were applied in coring and core processing. A freeze corer was used to collect the varved sediments in situ. To eliminate the effect of high water-content on X-ray fluorescence core scanning, core strips were freeze-dried and impregnated with resin prior to scanning. By cross-varve dating between parallel cores, we established a precise chronology with an annual resolution, and the age uncertainty was nearly eliminated. The top 20-cm long core represents approximately the last 210 years of deposition. At present, the early 1950s is recommended as the onset of the Anthropocene, the corresponding depth in 1950 CE was between 85-95 cm in our parallel cores. To obtain samples with high temporal resolution for proxy analyses, the cores were subsampled along the varve direction at 1 or 2 mm intervals with a scalpel knife in a -10 °C room, which represents an average of ~2 years. For loose Anthropocene sediments, freeze coring, freeze subsampling, and cross-dating are key for ensuring research accuracy.

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Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

A processing paradigm for loose varved sediments in Anthropocene strata research: An example from the Sihailongwan maar Lake

Lei

Han

Tang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Wang et al (2021) suggested agricultural practice in the East Liao River Basin, Northeast China during ca. 6500–5600 cal yr BP in the Neolithic, and during ca.…”

Section: Anthropogenic Indicator Taxa From Central/middle East Asia A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kuahuqiao and Hemudu Cultures in south Hangzhou Bay, besides providing new insights in the coastal human-landscape interactions of the Neolithic times, with respect to rice domestication in Eastern China. Wang et al (2021) suggested agricultural practice in the East Liao River Basin, Northeast China during ca. 6500-5600 cal yr BP in the Neolithic, and during ca.…”

Section: Anthropogenic Indicator Taxa From Central/middle East Asia A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural practices in India during the Holocene: A pollen view point and a critical appraisal

Quamar¹,

Kar²

2022

The Holocene

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Pollen assemblages provide valuable insights into the beginning of cereal-based agricultural practices and the transition from a hunting and gathering to a sedentary and food-producing way of life. Anthropogenic pollen indicators (APIs) and their precise identification, with respect to taxonomic resolution, can help to document the history of agricultural development, pastoral activities and human-induced land-use changes, particularly for the Holocene Epoch. Moreover, careful selection of pollen types, and/or indices, established for a particular region, are useful for obtaining meaningful reconstructions of anthropogenic activities through time. Specific pollen-markers have been used to deduce the inception of agriculture and the impact of anthropogenic activities on the landscape, from the different regions of the world. For India, Cerealia, and other cultural plant pollen taxa, such as Amaranthaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Brassicaceae, Polygonaceae, Artemisia, Cannabis sativa, Alternanthera, Urtica, Rumex and Borreria have been used as marker pollen types for indicating agricultural practices and other anthropogenic activities. In this communication, we have made an attempt to trace the advent and intensification of agricultural practices in the varied physiographic regions of the Indian sub-continent, on the basis of the available palynological records. We have further critically analysed the plausibility of agricultural practices and other human activities during the Late Pleistocene/Pre and Early Holocene with respect to the Indian scenario.

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“…Recently, a multidisciplinary approach of archaeobotany, archaeolinguistics, and ancient genomes has been developed and used to explore the expansion progress of millet agriculture from the West Liao River basin to the Primorye province of the Russian Far East through an inland route (Kuzmin, 2013; Li et al, 2020; Miyamoto, 2014; Ning et al, 2020). Meanwhile, in central Northeast China, the results of the analysis of phytoliths and animals from the Changshan site in the East Liao River Basin are presented to indicate that prehistoric agriculture occurred in the Neolithic (6500–5600 cal BP) (Wang et al, 2021) and pigs were domesticated in the Bronze Age (Lv et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsistence strategies in the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age in Nenjiang River Basin: A zooarchaeological and stable isotope analysis of faunal remains at Honghe site, Northeast China

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2023

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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The Nenjiang River Basin, located in the northern part of Northeast China, is an important cultural region that has attracted much attention from academic communities. Previous studies demonstrated that hunting and gathering always dominate the subsistence for prehistoric populations in this region. Herein, we further investigate the evolution of dietary and economic strategies in the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age occupations at the recently excavated Honghe site of the Nenjiang River Basin by means of a multidisciplinary approach incorporating zooarchaeological and stable isotope analysis. The results of zooarchaeological approaches indicate that the Honghe populations rely extensively on hunting and fishing during the Late Neolithic (4500–4000 cal BP), consistent with the results of previous studies. Interestingly, by the Bronze Age (3100–2400 cal BP), animal husbandry develops as one main economic strategy, corresponding to the probable decline of hunting and fishing, which is different from the previous reports. In addition, based on the results of stable isotopic approaches, C3 plants are always prominent diets for animals and humans from the Late Neolithic to the Bronze Age, which signifies that crop agriculture does not appear to have been of primary importance during either of these eras, in contrast to the C4 agricultural tradition formed in the Neolithic Age of the southern part of Northeast China. The findings of this paper shed some more light on the evolution of human subsistence strategies in the Nenjiang River Basin.

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Phytolith evidence for early agriculture in the East Liao River Basin, Northeast China

Cited by 10 publications

References 50 publications

A processing paradigm for loose varved sediments in Anthropocene strata research: An example from the Sihailongwan maar Lake

A processing paradigm for loose varved sediments in Anthropocene strata research: An example from the Sihailongwan maar Lake

Agricultural practices in India during the Holocene: A pollen view point and a critical appraisal

Subsistence strategies in the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age in Nenjiang River Basin: A zooarchaeological and stable isotope analysis of faunal remains at Honghe site, Northeast China

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