Phytolith morphology and biogenic silica concentrations and abundance in leaves of<i>Chionochloa</i>(Danthonieae) and<i>Festuca</i>(Poeae) in New Zealand

Marx, Ray; Lee, Daphne E.; Lloyd, Kelvin M.; Lee, William G.

doi:10.1080/0028825x.2004.9512919

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Having summarized our results regarding morphotype frequency, we supported the conclusion of Brown [4] and Marx et al [41]. They argued that interspecific variations of phytolith morphotypes can be observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Quantifiable differences between phytolith assemblages detected at species level: analysis of the leaves of nine Poa species (Poaceae)

et al. 2015

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The taxonomic value of phytolith assemblages and their degree of variability within different species of the same genus is still an undervalued issue in the botanical range of phytolith studies. However the understanding of grass phytolith variance and its implications to plant systematics is doubtless.In the present study phytoliths of the lateral shoots (leaves) of nine, globally distributed Poa species (Pooideae -Poaceae) are described. Phytoliths were recovered from Poa specimens by the dry ashing technique. Altogether 6223 disarticulated phytoliths were counted (approximately 500-700 phytoliths per species) in 54 plant samples, which cover six shoots of nine species. Not only the relative frequency of each morphotype was calculated, but measurements were conducted to determine the biogenic silica content of Poa lateral shoots. A phytolith reference collection for the nine selected species of a worldwide importance was also compiled. The description of the most significant phytolith morphotypes and their taxonomic relationships are given here.Results suggest that the biogenic silica content of the Poa lateral shoots was determined to be relatively high within all nine species. Phytolith assemblage data was subjected to multivariate statistical analyses (e.g., CA and PCA) in order to find differences and similarities among the nine Poa species. Results show that the two closely related Poa of the P. pratensis species group, namely the P. pratensis and P. angustifolia, only slightly differ from the other Poa species if we consider their rondel-trapeziform short cells (SC) phytolith frequencies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Quantifiable differences between phytolith assemblages detected at species level: analysis of the leaves of nine Poa species (Poaceae)

et al. 2015

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“…Abun-dant, taxonomically significant phytoliths are known to occur in the Poaceae (e.g., Piperno 1988;Pearsall 2000). Kondo et al (1994) and Marx et al (2004) noted similar short-cell forms to those observed in this study in C. rubra and two sub-species. Empodisma minus forms a low canopy or sward in shrubland, tussockland, fernland, and rushland vegetation types in Tongariro National Park, growing within an altitude range of 900-1550 m a.s.l.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Ongoing investigations into phytolith production in the modern plant kingdom help overcome the difficulties of multiplicity and redundancy when reconstructing source vegetation from a dispersed assemblage (e.g., Kondo et al 1994;Wallis 2003;Carnelli et al 2004;Marx et al 2004;Thorn 2004b). Distinctive phytoliths are now being recognised at family, genus, and, increasingly, species level (reviewed in Pearsall 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation reconstruction from soil phytoliths, Tongariro National Park, New Zealand

Thorn¹

2006

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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Phytoliths are microscopic particles of opaline silica (SiO 2 .nH 2 O) formed by the accumulation and solidification of siliceous gel between and within the cells of many plants. Soil surface phytolith assemblages are assessed for their potential to accurately reconstruct the overlying vegetation community within the subalpine zone of Tongariro National Park, New Zealand. The results provide important new evidence that phytoliths are an under-exploited tool for reconstructing past vegetation patterns. A new technique has been developed to quantitatively compare phytolith supply with accumulation. From four study sites, plants and soil were collected for phytolith extraction, and vegetation height and canopy cover were surveyed. The results indicate that at three of the four sites, source vegetation could be satsifactorily reconstructed at a broad community level from the dispersed soil phytolith record implying similar expectations for the application of this technique to the fossil phytolith record.

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“…This scarcity is in contrast with the long-standing investigations of silica bodies among the European grasses; dating as far back as the late 19th and 20th centuries (see review of early work in Parry and Smithson, 1964). In other parts of the world, the phytoliths extracted from living Poaceae have been subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis; for example, in South East Asia (Whang et al, 1998;Lu and Liu, 2003a), India (Krishnan et al, 2000), Western Melanesia (Boyd et al, 1998), the New Zealand grasslands (Marx et al, 2004;Thorn, 2004Thorn, , 2008, the European Atlantic zone, as well as the Alpine and Mediterranean regions (Parry and Smithson, 1964;Ollendorf et al, 1988;Kaplan et al, 1992;Carnelli et al, 2004;Tsartsidou et al, 2007). Grass reference collections have also been developed in North America (Blackman, 1971;Brown, 1984;Fredlund and Tieszen, 1994;Blinnikov, 2005), the Neotropics (Piperno and Pearsall, 1998) and South America (Zucol, 1998;Iriarte, 2003;Gallego and Distel, 2004;Fernández Honaine et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Poaceae phytoliths from the Niassa Rift, Mozambique

Mercader

Astudillo

Barkworth

et al. 2010

Journal of Archaeological Science

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Phytolith morphology and biogenic silica concentrations and abundance in leaves ofChionochloa(Danthonieae) andFestuca(Poeae) in New Zealand

Cited by 18 publications

References 34 publications

Quantifiable differences between phytolith assemblages detected at species level: analysis of the leaves of nine Poa species (Poaceae)

Quantifiable differences between phytolith assemblages detected at species level: analysis of the leaves of nine Poa species (Poaceae)

Vegetation reconstruction from soil phytoliths, Tongariro National Park, New Zealand

Poaceae phytoliths from the Niassa Rift, Mozambique

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