Phytomelatonin: Searching for Plants with High Levels for Use as a Natural Nutraceutical

Arnao, Marino B.; Hernández‐Ruíz, Josefa

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63462-7.00011-7

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 230 publications

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“…On the other hand, Kang et al (2013) presented new evidence that the last step in the pathway (conversion of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin), regulated by the enzyme N-acetyl serotonin methyltransferase, determines melatonin production in plants. Phytomelatonin levels vary not only among plant species but also within varieties of the same species (Paredes et al, 2009;Posmyk and Janas, 2009;Arnao and Hernández-Ruiz, 2015b). While no detectable amount of melatonin was reported in potato (Badria, 2002), the highest melatonin contents (> 3700 ng g -1 ) were detected in Chinese herbs and medicinal plants that are frequently used to delay aging and to cure diseases resulting from the action of free radicals (e.g., neurological disorders) (Chen et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining diurnal and seasonal changes in melatonin andtryptophan contents of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Korkmaz¹,

Yakupoğlu²,

Köklü³

et al. 2017

Turk J Bot

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining diurnal and seasonal changes in melatonin andtryptophan contents of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Korkmaz¹,

Yakupoğlu²,

Köklü³

et al. 2017

Turk J Bot

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“…Generally, the phytomelatonin content of several plants varied considerably, the usual phytomelatonin content being around of 1-100 nanograms by gram of plant material (DW or FW) [58]. In the case of many medicinal and aromatic plants (MAP), higher phytomelatonin contents have been described [59]. For example, thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), liquorice root (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Phytomelatonin-Rich Extract from Cultured Plants with Excellent Biochemical and Functional Properties as an Alternative to Synthetic Melatonin

et al. 2020

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Melatonin is a pleiotropic molecule with multiple and various functions. In recent years, there has been a considerable increase in the consumption of melatonin supplements for reasons other than those related with sleep (as an antioxidant, for anti-aging, and as a hunger regulator). Although the chemical synthesis of melatonin has recently been improved, several unwanted by-products of the chemical reactions involved occur as contaminants. Phytomelatonin, melatonin of plant origin, was discovered in several plants in 1995, and the possibility of using raw plant material as a source to obtain dietary supplements rich in phytomelatonin instead of synthetic melatonin, with its corresponding chemical by-products was raised. This work characterizes the phytomelatonin-rich extract obtained from selected plant material and determines the contents in phytomelatonin, phenols, flavonoids, and carotenoids. Additionally, the antioxidant activity was measured. Finally, a melatonin-specific bioassay in fish was carried out to demonstrate the excellent biological properties of the natural phytomelatonin-rich extract obtained.Antioxidants 2020, 9, 158 2 of 18 melatonin in in vivo and in vitro experimental models have appeared [12,[20][21][22]. Thus, the roles of melatonin in many tumors, both in growth, proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis have been demonstrated [23,24]. The treatments of melatonin with chemo-and radiotherapy improves the sensitivity of tumors to nonproliferation by drugs, acting as a synergistic molecule in the control of cancer cells. Additionally, melatonin mitigates acute damage in normal cells, protecting them against drug toxicity, possibly enhancing immunomodulation [25][26][27][28]. More recently, the use of electrophile-melatonin derivatives as chemopreventive agents on cancer cells has been demonstrated, calling them new "intelligent" molecules [29]. However, without a doubt, the most known and well-studied roles of melatonin are those related with sleep regulation and circadian rhythms. In this sense, melatonin is produced by the pineal gland in the night, increasing blood melatonin levels during the first period of sleep to around 150-220 pmoles/mL, acting on sleep initiation, reducing sleep latency and fragmentation and increasing sleep duration and sleep quality [30][31][32]. Additionally, melatonin, being a powerful chronobiological molecule that contributes to the correct circadian behavior of physiological functions, acts as an internal synchronizer of the circadian sleep-wake cycle and seasonal rhythmicity. In this sense, many sleep disorders have been treated with melatonin, including delayed sleep phase syndrome, night shift-work sleep disorder, seasonal affective disorder, sleep disorders in the blind and aging, and patho-physiological disorders of children, with notable improvements in sleep quality [9,[32][33][34][35][36]. The most widespread disorder treated with melatonin is jet-lag, a de-phasing in the sleep-wake rhythms following trans-oceanic flights [37][38][39].

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“…Overproduction of ROS damages the lipids, plant proteins, carbohydrates, and DNA, which eventually causes cell death (Wang, Miao et al 2013). A great deal of preceding research concentrated on the function of melatonin in the decreasing of stress and scavenging of ROS directly or indirectly through raising the levels of antioxidants and the activities of related enzymes to scavenge ROS (Arnao and Hernández-Ruiz 2015;Li et al 2012). These actions provide a way to assist in enhancing abiotic stress resistance in diverse plants (Zhang et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) (MEL) is an endogenously produced molecule with excellent properties as natural antioxidant (Arnao and Hernández-Ruiz 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of foliar application of melatonin on some physiological and biochemical characteristics and expression of fatty acid desaturase gene in pistachio seedlings (Pistacia veraL.) under freezing stress

Barand

Nasibi

Kalantari

et al. 2020

Journal of Plant Interactions

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In this study, the impacts of exogenous melatonin on freezing stress mitigation in pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) seedlings (30-days old) were investigated. Our results showed that in pistachio seedlings under freezing stress antioxidant enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll degradation, proline and soluble sugar and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content increased. Phenolic component, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity and the expression of fatty acid desaturase (FAD2) gene increased whilst ascorbate and glutathione concentration significantly decreased in comparison with control. In this research, application of melatonin significantly reduced the antioxidant enzyme activity, MDA, H 2 O 2 , chlorophyll degradation, GABA concentration, soluble sugar, and proline contents under stress condition. In addition electrolyte leakage, PAL activity and transcripts of FAD2 gene markedly decreased when the leaves of pistachio seedlings sprayed with melatonin. The results of this study showed that MEL could alleviate the oxidative damages induced by freezing stress and to maintain the structure and mobility of cell membrane in pistachio seedlings under stress conditions. Considering that MEL is an inexpensive and safe bio-stimulator, it seems that MEL is a potential candidate that could be applied used to increase the resistant pistachio trees against variety of biotic and abiotic stresses in the field conditions.

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Phytomelatonin: Searching for Plants with High Levels for Use as a Natural Nutraceutical

Cited by 21 publications

References 230 publications

Determining diurnal and seasonal changes in melatonin andtryptophan contents of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Determining diurnal and seasonal changes in melatonin andtryptophan contents of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Development of a Phytomelatonin-Rich Extract from Cultured Plants with Excellent Biochemical and Functional Properties as an Alternative to Synthetic Melatonin

The effects of foliar application of melatonin on some physiological and biochemical characteristics and expression of fatty acid desaturase gene in pistachio seedlings (Pistacia veraL.) under freezing stress

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