Phytoplankton community composition and photosynthetic physiology in the Australian sector of the Southern Ocean during the austral summer of 2010/2011

Takao, Shintaro; Hirawake, Toru; Hashida, Gen; Sasaki, Hiroshi; Hattori, Hiroshi; Suzuki, Koji

doi:10.1007/s00300-014-1542-6

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…1c and d). This pattern is broadly confirmed by observations: the latitudinal range of elevated coccolithophore biomass in the model agrees well with the observed location of the GCB (Balch et al, 2011), an area of elevated PIC levels between 40 and 60 • S that has frequently been linked to high coccolithophore abundance (Trull et al, 2018;Balch et al, 2016;Saavedra-Pellitero et al, 2014;Poulton et al, 2013;Hinz et al, 2012). Maximum coccolithophore abundances in the upper 50 m of the water column of up to ≈ 2500 cells mL −1 (2.7 mmol C m −3 , biomass conversion following O'Brien et al, 2013) have been reported for the Patagonian Shelf ( Fig.…”

Section: Phytoplankton Biogeography and Community Composition In The Sosupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Ultimately, coccolithophore growth and calcification in BEC are currently not dependent on ambient CO 2 concentrations. However, both the study by Trull et al (2018) and the review by Krumhardt et al (2017) suggest carbonate chemistry to be of minor importance in controlling the relative importance of coccolithophores in the SO at present, as both specific growth rates and CaCO 3 : C org production ratios of SO coccolithophores appear rather insensitive to variations in ambient CO 2 (Krumhardt et al, 2017). Concurrently, the CaCO 3 : C org production ratio has been shown to depend on surrounding temperature, light, and nutrient levels.…”

Section: Limitations and Caveatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ever, coccolithophores are the major phytoplanktonic calcifier (Iglesias-Rodríguez et al, 2002), thereby significantly impacting the global carbon cycle. Diatoms dominate the phytoplankton community in the SO (e.g., Trull et al, 2018;Swan et al, 2016;Wright et al, 2010), but coccolithophores have received increasing attention in recent years. Satellite imagery of particulate inorganic carbon (PIC, a proxy for coccolithophore abundance) revealed the "Great Calcite Belt" (GCB; Balch et al, 2011), an annually reoccurring circumpolar band of elevated PIC concentrations between 40 and 60 • S. In situ observations confirmed coccolithophore abundances of up to 2.4 × 10 3 cells mL −1 in the Atlantic sector (blooms on the Patagonian Shelf), up to 3.8×10 2 cells mL −1 in the Indian sector (Balch et al, 2016), and up to 5.4×10 2 cells mL −1 in the Pacific sector of the SO (Cubillos et al, 2007) with Emiliania huxleyi being the dominant species (Balch et al, 2016;Saavedra-Pellitero et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on this, Margalef's mandala predicts a seasonal succession from diatoms to coccolithophores as light levels increase and nutrient levels decline (Margalef, 1978). In situ studies assessing SO coccolithophore biogeography have found coccolithophores under various environmental conditions (e.g., Trull et al, 2018;Charalampopoulou et al, 2016;Balch et al, 2016;Saavedra-Pellitero et al, 2014;Hinz et al, 2012), thus suggesting a wide ecological niche, but all of the mentioned studies have almost exclusively focused on bottom-up controls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors controlling coccolithophore biogeography in the Southern Ocean

Nissen¹,

Vogt²,

Münnich³

et al. 2018

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. The biogeography of Southern Ocean phytoplankton controls the local biogeochemistry and the export of macronutrients to lower latitudes and depth. Of particular relevance is the competitive interaction between coccolithophores and diatoms, with the former being prevalent along the “Great Calcite Belt” (40–60∘ S), while diatoms tend to dominate the regions south of 60∘ S. To address the factors controlling coccolithophore distribution and the competition between them and diatoms, we use a regional high-resolution model (ROMS–BEC) for the Southern Ocean (24–78∘ S) that has been extended to include an explicit representation of coccolithophores. We assess the relative importance of bottom-up (temperature, nutrients, light) and top-down (grazing by zooplankton) factors in controlling Southern Ocean coccolithophore biogeography over the course of the growing season. In our simulations, coccolithophores are an important member of the Southern Ocean phytoplankton community, contributing 17 % to annually integrated net primary productivity south of 30∘ S. Coccolithophore biomass is highest north of 50∘ S in late austral summer, when light levels are high and diatoms become limited by silicic acid. Furthermore, we find top-down factors to be a major control on the relative abundance of diatoms and coccolithophores in the Southern Ocean. Consequently, when assessing potential future changes in Southern Ocean coccolithophore abundance, both abiotic (temperature, light, and nutrients) and biotic factors (interaction with diatoms and zooplankton) need to be considered.

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Section: Phytoplankton Biogeography and Community Composition In The Sosupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Limitations and Caveatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Factors controlling coccolithophore biogeography in the Southern Ocean

Nissen¹,

Vogt²,

Münnich³

et al. 2018

Biogeosciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2a & Fig. 3 Takao et al, 2014). In ROMS-BEC, the summer phytoplankton community south of 60 • S is often almost solely composed of diatoms ( Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Answer to referee #1

Nissen¹

2018

Preprint

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The biogeography of Southern Ocean phytoplankton controls not only the local biogeochemistry, but also the export of macronutrients to lower latitudes and depth. Of particular relevance is the interaction between coccolithophores and diatoms, with the former being prevalent along the "Great Calcite Belt" (40-60 • S), while diatoms tend to dominate the regions south of 60 • S. To address the factors controlling coccolithophore distribution and the competition between them and diatoms, we use a regional high-resolution model (ROMS-BEC) for the Southern Ocean (24-78 • S) that has been extended to include an explicit representation of coccolithophores. We assess the relative importance of bottom-up (temperature, nutrients, light) and top-down (grazing by zooplankton) factors in controlling Southern Ocean coccolithophore biogeography over the course of the growing season. In our simulations, coccolithophores are an important member of the Southern Ocean phytoplankton community, contributing 15% to annually integrated net primary productivity south of 30 • S. Coccolithophore biomass is highest north of 50 • S in late austral summer, when light levels are high and diatoms become silicate limited. Furthermore, we find top-down factors to be a major control on the relative abundance of diatoms and coccolithophores in the Southern Ocean. Consequently, when assessing potential future changes in Southern Ocean coccolithophore abundance, both abiotic (temperature, light, nutrients, pH) and biotic factors (interaction with diatoms and zooplankton) need to be considered.

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phytoclass: A pigment‐based chemotaxonomic method to determine the biomass of phytoplankton classes

Hayward

Pinkerton

Gutiérrez‐Rodríguez

2023

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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Pigment-based chemotaxonomy is a widely utilized tool to determine the biomass of phytoplankton classes from pigment biomarkers. The CHEMTAX approach is sensitive to the initial estimates of pigment-tochlorophyll a (Chl a) ratios for the phytoplankton classes required, even though these are modified by the CHEMTAX process. We present an alternative chemotaxonomic method that utilizes simulated annealing with a steepest descent algorithm to derive class abundances and pigment-to-Chl a ratios. The simulated annealing algorithm is tested on two synthetic datasets of Southern Ocean phytoplankton communities. Each dataset is composed of 1000 inversion samples (set of phytoplankton class abundances, pigment ratios, and pigment profiles) with sizes ranging between 5 and 60 individual samples. We show that the new simulated annealing approach displays higher accuracy than two common configurations of the CHEMTAX method, with lower differences between true and estimated class abundances. Symmetric mean absolute percentage error were 4.8-11%, compared to 18-70% with CHEMTAX approaches. Proportions of variance explained (R 2 ) between true and estimated class abundances using the simulated annealing approach were 0.98-0.99 compared to 0.71-0.89 for CHEMTAX. Overall, this new methodology is capable of determining phytoplankton class abundances at higher accuracy than CHEMTAX without sensitivity to initial estimates of pigment-to-Chl a ratios.

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Phytoplankton community composition and photosynthetic physiology in the Australian sector of the Southern Ocean during the austral summer of 2010/2011

Cited by 12 publications

References 74 publications

Factors controlling coccolithophore biogeography in the Southern Ocean

Factors controlling coccolithophore biogeography in the Southern Ocean

Answer to referee #1

phytoclass: A pigment‐based chemotaxonomic method to determine the biomass of phytoplankton classes

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