Phytoremediation and Accumulation of Cadmium from Contaminated Saline Soils by Vetiver Grass

Abstract

A soil-culture study was conducted to investigate the phytoextraction of cadmium (Cd) (20, 60, and 100 mg/kg) in two species of upland and lowland vetiver grass (Vetiveria nemoralis and V. zizanioides) with salinity levels of 1,000 mg/kg NaCl salt for 2 months. The two species of grass were highly tolerant to Cd and salt with little adverse effect on growth. Cd and salt treatments imposed significant negative effects on root length, shoot height and total dry biomass. Cd accumulation in the roots and shoots all increased significantly with increasing Cd concentration. The combined treatments of Cd and salt showed the highest root Cd accumulation in V. nemoralis (226 862 mg/kg) at Cd concentrations ranging from 20 to 100 mg/kg. Salt did not affect the accumulation of Cd but decreased the root-to-shoot Cd translocation. This was confirmed by the bioconcentration factor in root Ͼ 1 and the translocation factor Ͻ 1, which indicated the plant's suitability for phytostabilization of Cd under saline conditions. The experiment pointed out that V. nemoralis was a better accumulator of Cd than V. zizanioides.

Typha Latifolia L. Grown in Carrying Petroleum Secondary Effluent Supply Nutrients Enhance for Biomass Growth and Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals and TPH

“…The per g mass growth using metals and micronutrient range increased from <P to Fe>Ca>Mg and Carbohydrate>Protein. These results clearly con rm that growth plant biomass utilized more 97.35% of TPH and HMs, had low content of chemical precipitations (Ahmad et al 2011;Adeyeye, 2005;Ahmad and Ahmad, 2014;Jampsari and Saeng-Ngam, 2019) or release in water (Table 4). The plants used for the phytoremediation of with stand long exposure of these TPH and HMs might bring about accumulation and increase the content inside the plants.…”

The effect of manure and ascorbic acid to the growth of Vetiveria zizanioides L. in saline soil

“…Therefore, to reduce the adverse effects of saline soil needed to IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/977/1/012025 2 improve saline soils through chemical and biological. The chemical improvement of saline soils usually was used gypsum or CaSO4, but the biological treatment was used organic matter or manure [7][8].…”

Phytoremediation Potential of Vetiver Grass (Vetiveria Zizanioides) in Two Mixed Heavy Metal Contaminated Soils from the Zoundweogo and Boulkiemde Regions of Burkina Faso (West Africa)

“…Similar TF values were obtained at three and six months for Cd, Mn and Zn in the lixisol (1.4, 2.4 and 1.2) and in vertisol (0.3, 1.2 and 1.0), respectively (Table 3). Generally, metals such as Cd, Pb and Cu preferentially accumulate in roots and often show low TF values (Aksorn & Chitsomboon, 2013;Jampasri & Saeng-Ngam, 2019). However, in comparison with Ng et al (2016), our study shows low metal translocation.…”

“…This could be related to our experimental conditions such as soil weight (1 kg per pot) combined with the experiment duration (6 months) which may constitute limiting factors in this study. Generally, phytoremediation studies of heavy metal contaminated soils using Vetiver grass are often carried out with at least 2 kg of soil per pot and the experiment duration between 2 and 3 moths (Jampasri & Saeng-Ngam, 2019;Ng et al, 2020), and Vetiver growth is often by nutrients, EDTA to promote metal uptake and accumulation in plant tissues (Aksorn & Chitsomboon, 2013;Ng et al, 2016). Under these experimental conditions, plant growth is fast, its root density becomes more important and increase surface area for metal absorption by plant roots (Suelee et al, 2017).…”