Phytosterol metabolism in plant positive-strand RNA virus replication

Altabella, Teresa; Ramírez-Estrada, Karla; Ferrer, Albert

doi:10.1007/s00299-021-02799-x

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Reduction in the PI(4)P level strongly inhibits TBSV replication [ 135 ]. For further information on the role of lipids and sterols in viral replication, readers are referred to several excellent in-depth reviews [ 50 , 126 , 136 , 137 , 138 ].…”

Section: Plant Viruses Remodel Endomembrane Structures For the Format...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulation of the Cellular Membrane-Cytoskeleton Network for RNA Virus Replication and Movement in Plants

Bernards

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Viruses infect all cellular life forms and cause various diseases and significant economic losses worldwide. The majority of viruses are positive-sense RNA viruses. A common feature of infection by diverse RNA viruses is to induce the formation of altered membrane structures in infected host cells. Indeed, upon entry into host cells, plant-infecting RNA viruses target preferred organelles of the cellular endomembrane system and remodel organellar membranes to form organelle-like structures for virus genome replication, termed as the viral replication organelle (VRO) or the viral replication complex (VRC). Different viruses may recruit different host factors for membrane modifications. These membrane-enclosed virus-induced replication factories provide an optimum, protective microenvironment to concentrate viral and host components for robust viral replication. Although different viruses prefer specific organelles to build VROs, at least some of them have the ability to exploit alternative organellar membranes for replication. Besides being responsible for viral replication, VROs of some viruses can be mobile to reach plasmodesmata (PD) via the endomembrane system, as well as the cytoskeleton machinery. Viral movement protein (MP) and/or MP-associated viral movement complexes also exploit the endomembrane-cytoskeleton network for trafficking to PD where progeny viruses pass through the cell-wall barrier to enter neighboring cells.

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Section: Plant Viruses Remodel Endomembrane Structures For the Format...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulation of the Cellular Membrane-Cytoskeleton Network for RNA Virus Replication and Movement in Plants

Bernards

et al. 2023

Viruses

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“…25 The genome of most plant viruses are single positive strand RNA, which means there are potentially many phytochemical inhibitors of RdRp available from natural sources. 8,26 Proteases M PRO and PL PRO are essential for post-translational processing in the viruses replicative cycle. 22 Figure 2 shows the despite a low percentage identity between PL PRO protein sequences in SARS and MERS coronaviruses (30-28%), structure-based multiple protein alignment revealed a conserved homology in the proteolytic active site (core root mean square deviation (RMSD) of 1.47).…”

Section: Drug Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 25 The genome of most plant viruses are single positive strand RNA, which means there are potentially many phytochemical inhibitors of RdRp available from natural sources. 8 , 26 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Silico Approaches for the Screening and Discovery of Broad-Spectrum Marine Natural Product Antiviral Agents Against Coronaviruses

Boswell¹,

Verga²,

Mackle³

et al. 2023

IDR

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The urgent need for SARS-CoV-2 controls has led to a reassessment of approaches to identify and develop natural product inhibitors of zoonotic, highly virulent, and rapidly emerging viruses. There are yet no clinically approved broad-spectrum antivirals available for beta-coronaviruses. Discovery pipelines for pan-virus medications against a broad range of betacoronaviruses are therefore a priority. A variety of marine natural product (MNP) small molecules have shown inhibitory activity against viral species. Access to large data caches of small molecule structural information is vital to finding new pharmaceuticals. Increasingly, molecular docking simulations are being used to narrow the space of possibilities and generate drug leads. Combining in-silico methods, augmented by metaheuristic optimization and machine learning (ML) allows the generation of hits from within a virtual MNP library to narrow screens for novel targets against coronaviruses. In this review article, we explore current insights and techniques that can be leveraged to generate broad-spectrum antivirals against betacoronaviruses using in-silico optimization and ML. ML approaches are capable of simultaneously evaluating different features for predicting inhibitory activity. Many also provide a semi-quantitative measure of feature relevance and can guide in selecting a subset of features relevant for inhibition of SARS-CoV-2.

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Down-regulation of tomatoSTEROL GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1perturbs plant development and facilitates viroid infection

Cisneros

Lisón

Campos

et al. 2022

Journal of Experimental Botany

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Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) is a plant pathogen naturally infecting economically important crops such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Here, we aimed to engineer tomato plants highly resistant to PSTVd and developed several S. lycopersicum lines expressing an artificial microRNA (amiRNA) against PSTVd (amiR-PSTVd). Infectivity assays revealed that amiR-PSTVd-expressing lines were not resistant but instead hypersusceptible to the viroid. A combination of phenotypic, molecular, and metabolic analyses of amiRNA-expressing lines non-inoculated with the viroid revealed that amiR-PSTVd was accidentally silencing the tomato STEROL GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 (SlSGT1) gene, which caused late developmental and reproductive defects such as leaf epinasty, dwarfism, or reduced fruit size. Importantly, two independent transgenic tomato lines each expressing a different amiRNA specifically designed to target SlSGT1 were also hypersusceptible to PSTVd, thus demonstrating that down-regulation of SlSGT1 was responsible for the viroid-hypersusceptibility phenotype. Our results highlight the role of sterol glycosyltransferases in proper plant development and indicate that the imbalance of sterol glycosylation levels favors viroid infection, most likely by facilitating viroid movement.

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Phytosterol metabolism in plant positive-strand RNA virus replication

Cited by 3 publications

References 99 publications

Manipulation of the Cellular Membrane-Cytoskeleton Network for RNA Virus Replication and Movement in Plants

Manipulation of the Cellular Membrane-Cytoskeleton Network for RNA Virus Replication and Movement in Plants

In-Silico Approaches for the Screening and Discovery of Broad-Spectrum Marine Natural Product Antiviral Agents Against Coronaviruses

Down-regulation of tomatoSTEROL GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1perturbs plant development and facilitates viroid infection

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