Phytosterols improve immunity and exert anti‐inflammatory activity in weaned piglets

Hu, Qiaoling; Zhao, Zhuo; Fang, Shan; Zhang, Yiwei; Feng, Jie

doi:10.1002/jsfa.8277

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Consistent with these studies, BAA6 intervention significantly decreased the relative abundance of LPS-related bacteria, such as Bilophila and Oscillibacteron. Supplementation with AKK could increase the levels of β-sitosterol in the gut [34], and β-sitosterol had positive effects on the growth of Lactobacillus [35]. Thus, this may be the reason that AKK could markedly increase the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 Alleviates Obesity Associated with Promoting Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Function of Adipose Tissue in Mice

Huo

Wang

et al. 2020

Molecules

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Probiotics are widely known for their health benefits. Mitochondrial dysfunction is related to obesity. The aim of this study was to illuminate whether Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 (BAA6) could improve obesity due to increased mitochondrial biogenesis and function of adipose tissues. Four-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 17 weeks. For the final eight weeks, the HFD group was divided into three groups including HFD, HFD with BAA6 (HFD + BAA6 group), and HFD with Akkermansia muciniphila (AKK) (HFD + AKK group as positive control). The composition of the microbiota, serum lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and mitochondrial biosynthesis and function of epididymal adipose tissues were measured. Compared with the HFD group, body weight, relative fat weight, the relative abundance of Oscillibacter and Bilophila, and serum LPS were significantly decreased in the HFD + BAA6 and HFD + AKK groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the addition of BAA6 and AKK increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) (by 21.53- and 18.51-fold), estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) (by 2.83- and 1.24-fold), and uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) (by 1.51- and 0.60-fold) in epididymal adipose tissues. Our results suggest that BAA6 could improve obesity associated with promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and function of adipose tissues in mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 Alleviates Obesity Associated with Promoting Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Function of Adipose Tissue in Mice

Huo

Wang

et al. 2020

Molecules

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“…Phytosterols are plant-derived natural steroid compounds, and mainly contain β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, and brassicasterol. The effects of phytosterols’ application on livestock production have been recently investigated [11,12,13,14,15,16]. However, due to their mixed compositions, it is difficult to explain their mode of action and their physiological functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary β-Sitosterol Improves Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Antioxidant Status, and Mitochondrial Biogenesis of Breast Muscle in Broilers

Cheng¹,

Chen²,

Li³

et al. 2019

Animals

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The present study evaluated effects of β-sitosterol on growth performance, meat quality, oxidative status, and mitochondrial biogenesis of breast muscle in broilers. One-day-old chicks were allocated to five treatments of six replicates. Broilers were fed a basal diet supplemented either with 0 (control), 40, 60, 80, or 100 mg/kg β-sitosterol for 42 days. β-sitosterol linearly and quadratically reduced feed/gain ratio, lightness24h and cooking loss24h in breast muscle, whereas 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity of breast muscle followed an opposite trend. β-sitosterol linearly decreased drip loss24h and malondialdehyde content, whereas linearly increased pH24h, superoxide dismutase activity, and mRNA abundances of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PCG-1α) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) in breast muscle. Compared with control, levels of β-sitosterol higher than 40 mg/kg reduced feed/gain ratio, muscular lightness24h, cooking loss24h, and malondialdehyde level, whereas increased muscular 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity, and mRNA abundances (except 60 mg/kg) of PCG-1α and TFAM. Eighty milligram/kilogram β-sitosterol increased muscular pH24h and superoxide dismutase activity, but decreased its drip loss24h. Therefore, β-sitosterol could improve growth performance and meat quality, oxidative status, and mitochondrial biogenesis of breast muscle in broilers. Furthermore, supplementation level of 80 mg/kg β-sitosterol is recommended for broiler diets.

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“…Both in vitro ( Kurano et al, 2011 ; Valerio and Awad, 2011 ) and in vivo (mice and piglets experimental models) ( Hu et al, 2017 ; Plat et al, 2014 ) experiments indicate that phytosterols exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. However, systematic reviews and meta-analyses of RCT do not support that the regular intake of phytosterol-enriched foods reduced low-grade systemic inflammation associated to obesity ( Rocha et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Phytosterolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Lipid Transport and Adipose Tissue Deposition by Small Lipophilic Compounds

Castellano

Espinosa

Perona

2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Small lipophilic molecules present in foods of plant origin have relevant biological activities at rather low concentrations. Evidence suggests that phytosterols, carotenoids, terpenoids, and tocopherols can interact with different metabolic pathways, exerting beneficial effects against a number of metabolic diseases. These small molecules can modulate triacylglycerol absorption in the intestine and the biosynthesis of chylomicrons, the lipid carriers in the blood. Once in the bloodstream, they can impact lipoprotein clearance from blood, thereby affecting fatty acid release, incorporation into adipocytes and triglyceride reassembling and deposit. Consequently, some of these molecules can regulate pathophysiological processes associated to obesity and its related conditions, such as insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and type-2 diabetes. The protective capacity of some lipophilic small molecules on oxidative and chemotoxic stress, can modify the expression of key genes in the adaptive cellular response, such as transcription factors, contributing to prevent the inflammatory status of adipose tissue. These small lipophilic compounds can be incorporated into diet as natural parts of food but they can also be employed to supplement other dietary and pharmacologic products as nutraceuticals, exerting protective effects against the development of metabolic diseases in which inflammation is involved. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of the influence of dietary lipophilic small biomolecules (phytosterols, carotenoids, tocopherols, and triterpenes) on lipid transport, as well as on the effects they may have on pathophysiological metabolic states, related to obesity, insulin resistance and inflammation, providing an evidence-based summary of their main beneficial effects on human health.

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Phytosterols improve immunity and exert anti‐inflammatory activity in weaned piglets

Cited by 36 publications

References 49 publications

Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 Alleviates Obesity Associated with Promoting Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Function of Adipose Tissue in Mice

Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 Alleviates Obesity Associated with Promoting Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Function of Adipose Tissue in Mice

Dietary β-Sitosterol Improves Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Antioxidant Status, and Mitochondrial Biogenesis of Breast Muscle in Broilers

Modulation of Lipid Transport and Adipose Tissue Deposition by Small Lipophilic Compounds

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