Phytosterols, triterpene alcohols, and phospholipids in seed oil from white lupin

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine effects of genotypes and growing environment on phytosterols, triterpene alcohols, and phospholipids (PL) in lupin (Lupinus albus L.) oil from seven genotypes grown in Maine and Virginia. The unsaponifiable lipid (UNSAP) and phospholipid (PL) fractions ranged from 2.1 to 2.8% and from 2.6 to 2.8% of oil, respectively. UNSAP in lupin oil contained 19.9 to 28.7% sterols and 17.3 to 22.0% triterpene alcohols. Growing location significantly affected contents of total PL, PS, phosphatidylglycerol, β‐sitosterol, campesterol, and β‐amyrin. Genotypic effects were significant for stigmasterol. PC (32.6 to 46.3% of PL), PE (21.6 to 32% of PL), and PS (11.2 to 17.9% of PL) were the major PL in lupin oil. The concentration of PL classes in lupin oil were in the following descending order: PC>PE>PS>PI>phosphatidic acid > lysophosphatidylcholine > phosphatidylglycerol > diphosphatidylglycerol. In descending order of abundance, the sterols present in lupin oil were: β‐sitosterol > campesterol > stigmasterol > Δ5‐avenasterol > Δ7‐stigmastenol Lupeol was the most prominent triterpene alcohol in lupin seed oil. In general, growing environment had a much greater influence on lupin oil characteristics than the genotypes.

Variability of fat content and fatty acids profiles in seeds of a Polish white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) collection

“…Among examined accessions SFA constituted 8.3% and UFA 91.7%. This data are in good agreement with literature values: 10 and 90% as well as 11.4 and 88.6% obtained by Hamma and Bhardwaj (2004) and Oomah and Bushuk (1984), respectively. Higher content of PUFAs represented by linoleic FA (x-6) and linolenic FA (x-3) are considered desirable for human nutrition.…”

“…Unsaturated fatty acids, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), are essential nutrients and the x-3/x-6 ratio is considered as very important with respect to human and animal feeding (Suchy et al 2008). In general, lupin oil is characterized by balanced fatty acid composition with total saturated fatty acids of 10% and total unsaturated fatty acids of 90% (Bhardwaj et al 1998;Hamma and Bhardwaj 2004;Kohajdova et al 2011).…”

The health benefits of sweet lupin seed flours and isolated proteins

“…The fat content is variable, falling in the interval 8-12% depending on species, with a good presence of α-linolenic acid (about 8-10% of the oil) (Boschin, D'Agostina, Annicchiarico, & Arnoldi, 2008;Chiofalo, Lo Presti, Chiofalo, & Gresta, 2012). The unsaponifiable fraction of lupin oil is composed by sterols (mainly β-sitosterol) and triterpene alcohols (Hamama & Bhardwaj, 2004;Hudson, Fleetwood, & Lewis, 1983). Lupin seeds also contain 6-13 mg/100 g of tocopherols, mainly γ-tocopherol Coisson, Arlorio, Locatelli, Garino, Resta, Sirtori, et al, 2011); 50-230 µg/100 g seed of carotenoids, mainly zeaxantin accompanied by lutein, β-carotene, and α-carotene (Wang, Errington, Yap, Wang, & Yap, 2008).…”

Fatty Acid Composition of Flax Sprouts

“…The sprouting potential and nutritional values were identified viable in canola (Bhardwaj & Hamama, 2009), lupin (Hamama & Bhardwaj, 2004;, soybean (Dhakal et al, 2012). The soybean sprouts were high in quantities for genestein and diadzein compared to seed contents, besides appreciable quantities of essential fatty acids and bioactive compounds required for human nutrition (Marton et al, 2010;Orhan et al, 2007).…”