Phytotoxic and Antifungal Activities of Essential Oils ofThymus serpyllumGrown in the State of Jammu and Kashmir

Aziz, Shahid; Habib-ur-Rehman, _; Irshad, Muhammad; Asghar, Syeda Farina; Hussain, Hidayat; Ahmed, Ishtiaq

doi:10.1080/0972060x.2010.10643816

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Studies have shown that TQ is the major bioactive component in N. sativa and T. vulgaris [9]. In a previous study, the yield of TQ from N. sativa (48.9 %) was shown to be significantly higher than that from T. vulgaris (23.2 %) [14]. Some authors have reported that starting from 20 g of pulverized sample, the yields of TQ from N. sativa was between 856 and 1881 mg/g, using silica gel purification method [7,10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of thymoquinone from Nigella sativa L. and Thymus vulgaris L., and its anti-proliferative effect on HeLa cancer cell lines

Butt¹,

Nisar²,

Ghani³

et al. 2019

Trop. J. Pharm Res

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Purpose: To isolate thymoquinone (TQ) from Nigella sativa L. and Thymus vulgaris L., and investigate its anti-proliferative effect on HeLa cancer cells. Method: Pulverized dried samples of N. sativa seed (100 g) and aerial parts of T. vulgaris (1000 g) were subjected to Soxhlet extraction using methanol and n-hexane combined in different proportions. Thymoquinone (TQ) was then isolated from the extracts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The isolated TQ was further subjected to Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to identify its functional groups. The anti-proliferative effect of TQ on HeLa cancer cells was evaluated using 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results: Extract yield from N. sativa was significantly higher than from T. vulgaris, and also increased with increase in the proportion of methanol in the extraction solvent (p < 0.05). Methanol and n-hexane (4:1, v:v) yielded the highest amount of oil, with yields of 15.8 and 9.7 ml/25 g dry weight (d.wt.) from N. sativa and T. vulgaris, respectively. The results obtained from HPLC showed that the concentration of TQ isolated from N. sativa (388.61 µg/ml) was significantly higher than that from T. vulgaris (357.03 µg/ml, p < 0.05). The anti-proliferative effects of TQ standard and TQ isolated from N. sativa on HeLa cancer cells were dose-dependent, and was highest at the lowest concentration. The number of viable cells significantly decreased with increase in TQ concentration (p < 0.01). TQ from N. sativa significantly reduced the number of viable cells even at the lowest concentration when compared to TQ standard (p < 0.05). Cell death was significantly higher in TQ-treated groups than in untreated cancer cells. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study show that N. sativa is a potential source of TQ, with the yield enhanced by modifying the extraction procedure or solvent used. Furthermore, TQ isolated from N. sativa exerts a dose-dependent anti-proliferative effect on HeLa cancer cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of thymoquinone from Nigella sativa L. and Thymus vulgaris L., and its anti-proliferative effect on HeLa cancer cell lines

Butt¹,

Nisar²,

Ghani³

et al. 2019

Trop. J. Pharm Res

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“…The major components were carvacrol (37.49%), γ-terpinene (10.79%), β-caryophyllene (6.51%), p-cymene (6.06%), (E)-β-ocimene (4.63%) and β-bisabolene (4.51%) [10]. T. serpyllum grown in Jammu and Kashmir at an elevation of 12,000 feet above sea level in Pir Chanassi was observed to be rich in thymol (16.5-18.8%), borneol (1.6-3.1%), ledol (0.2-7.3%), safrole (1.1%), 1,8-cineole (14.0-18.0%), sputhalenol (1.3-2.1%) and thymoquinone (2.6%) [33]. The percentage of oxygenated monoterpenes (OM) was the highest in the T. serpyllum cultivated at medium altitude (Pithoragarh), while the content of monoterpene hydrocarbons (MH) was the lowest in the same cultivation (Fig.…”

Section: Essential Oil Yield and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of the volatile constituents of Thymus serpyllum L. grown at different altitudes of Western Himalayas

et al. 2020

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Thymus serpyllum L., a well-known aromatic plant of the Himalayan region is often used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, flavoring and fragrance industries because of its phenolic and non-phenolic constituents. The amount of these compounds varies with the origin, the climatic conditions and the developmental stage of harvesting time of the plant. Under different environmental conditions, plant specimen of the same species respond differently through production and accumulation of the primary and secondary metabolites. In the present work, T. serpyllum L. was collected from its natural habitat and grown at different agro-climatic zones, i.e., Auli (higher Himalayas; 2744 m asl), Pithoragarh (lower Himalayas; 1524 m asl) and Haldwani (foothill areas; 412 m asl). The essential oil from fresh aerial parts of cultivated plants at full blooming stage was obtained using Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The amount of thymol was also quantified by HPTLC. The data were statistically analyzed using MS Excel and SPSS 16.0. The percentage yield of the essential oils varied from 0.20 to 0.84%. Thymol was the major compound found in all the three cultivations, being the highest for Haldwani (84.63%) followed by Auli (50.80%) and Pithoragarh (41.15%) cultivations. Camphor was the second major compound, only identified in Pithoragarh (36.34%) region. Alpha-thujene, p-cymene, alpha-terpineol, (E)-caryophyllene, beta-bisabolene, alpha-pinene and carvacrol were also identified in significant amounts. HPTLC quantification suggested the similar pattern of thymol percentage as obtained from GC-FID. The study revealed that there was a significant difference in the terpenoid constituents of the plant grown at different agro-climatic zones. Thymus serpyllum grown at lower altitude area (warm climatic zone) can be a potential source of thymol along with high essential oil yield.

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“…Differentiation between T. serpyllum EO samples from this study and from literature reports [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ] ( Table 4 ) was performed using HCA analysis ( Figure 2 a). Several clusters (potential chemotypes) were established, including thymol, carvacrol, linalool (linalool and linalyl acetate), geraniol (geraniol and geranyl acetate) and terpinene (terpinene and terpinene acetate), as well as a number of multiple-component chemotypes [ 46 , 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil of Medicinal Plants from Eastern Serbia

et al. 2020

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The objective of this study was to evaluate wild growing Satureja kitaibelii, Thymus serpyllum, Origanum vulgare, Achillea millefolium and Achillea clypeolata with respect to their essential oil (EO) content, composition and antimicrobial activity. The five species were collected at Mt. Rtanj and the village of Sesalac, Eastern Serbia. The main EO constituents of Lamiaceae plants were p-cymene (24.4%), geraniol (63.4%) and germacrene D (21.5%) in Satureja kitaibelii, Thymus serpyllum and Origanum vulgare ssp. vulgare, respectively. A. millefolium EO had multiple constituents with major ones being camphor (9.8%), caryophyllene oxide (6.5%), terpinen-4-ol (6.3%) and 1,8-cineole (5.6%), while the main EO constituents of A. clypeolata were 1,8-cineole (45.1%) and camphor (18.2%). Antimicrobial testing of the EO showed that Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) was more sensitive to all of the tested EOs than Escherichia coli (Gram-negative). S. kitaibelii EO showed the highest antimicrobial activity against both tested bacterial strains. This is the first study to characterize the EO composition and antimicrobial activity of these five medicinal species from Eastern Serbia in comparison with comprehensive literature data. The results can be utilized by the perfumery, cosmetics, food and pharmaceutical industries, but also for healing purposes in self-medication.

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Phytotoxic and Antifungal Activities of Essential Oils ofThymus serpyllumGrown in the State of Jammu and Kashmir

Cited by 18 publications

References 1 publication

Isolation of thymoquinone from <i>Nigella sativa</i> L. and <i>Thymus vulgaris</i> L., and its anti-proliferative effect on HeLa cancer cell lines

Isolation of thymoquinone from <i>Nigella sativa</i> L. and <i>Thymus vulgaris</i> L., and its anti-proliferative effect on HeLa cancer cell lines

Comparative study of the volatile constituents of Thymus serpyllum L. grown at different altitudes of Western Himalayas

Chemical Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil of Medicinal Plants from Eastern Serbia

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