Phytotoxicity assessment of conventional and biodegradable plastic bags using seed germination test

Balestri, Elena; Menicagli, Virginia; Ligorini, Viviana; Fulignati, Sara; Galletti, Anna Maria Raspolli; Lardicci, Claudio

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.03.005

Cited by 100 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The phytotoxic effect of bioplastics showed be minimal for their application of agricultural and horticultural food products. Mater-bi a commercial bag made from vegetable starch was found to be a potential threat like other conventional plastics if let in the natural environment as it affected the plant radicle formation which was confirmed by phytotoxicity standard tests performed using seeds of Lepidium sativum L. It also showed a significant effect to change the characteristics of water ( Balestri et al, 2019 ). Studies on the toxicity of PHB and PBAT leachates showed decreased survival of Daphnia magna already 48 h of exposure ( Gottermann et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 88%

An overview of biodegradable packaging in food industry

Shaikh

Yaqoob

Aggarwal

2021

Current Research in Food Science

256

105

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For many years, conventional plastics are manufactured and used for packaging applications in different sectors. As the food industries are increasing, the demand for packaging material is also increasing. Plastics have transformed the food industry to higher levels; however, conventional petroleum-based plastics are non-degradable which has created severe ecological problems to the environment like a threat to aquatic life and degrading air quality. Biodegradable polymers or biopolymers emerged as an alternative approach for many industrial applications to control the risk caused by non-biodegradable plastic. According to the type of starting material, they have been categorized as polymers extracted from biomass, synthesized from monomers, and produced from microorganisms. The quality of biopolymers depends on the physical, mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties. The present review highlights the characteristics of various biopolymers and their blends, comparison of properties between non-biodegradable and biopolymers, the market potential for food packaging applications. The review also emphasizes different commercial forms like films, trays, bags, coatings, and foamed products for application as modified atmosphere packaging, active packaging, and edible packaging. Different issues affecting market growth like harmful products formed during production and consumer perception have also been discussed. Information on biopolymers is widely scattered over many sources, this article aims to provide an overview of biodegradable polymer packages for food applications.

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Section: Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 88%

An overview of biodegradable packaging in food industry

Shaikh

Yaqoob

Aggarwal

2021

Current Research in Food Science

256

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The result of this release is the transfer of chemicals (such as plasticizers) that can affect human health and can contaminate soils and water [25,26]. In fact, especially in natural environments, liquid additives can quickly migrate out of plastic and can be absorbed by roots affecting the plant development [27]. On the other hand, a controlled release of beneficial substances contained in the blends are very useful in the cosmetics and biomedical sectors [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Micro and Nano Additives for Controlling the Migration of a Biobased Plasticizer from PLA-Based Flexible Films

et al. 2020

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Plasticized poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) blend-based films containing chitin nanofibrils (CN) and calcium carbonate were prepared by extrusion and compression molding. On the basis of previous studies, processability was controlled by the use of a few percent of a commercial acrylic copolymer acting as melt strength enhancer and calcium carbonate. Furthermore, acetyl n-tributyl citrate (ATBC), a renewable and biodegradable plasticizer (notoriously adopted in PLA based products) was added to facilitate not only the processability but also to increase the mechanical flexibility and toughness. However, during the storage of these films, a partial loss of plasticizer was observed. The consequence of this is not only correlated to the change of the mechanical properties making the films more rigid but also to the crystallization and development of surficial oiliness. The effect of the addition of calcium carbonate (nanometric and micrometric) and natural nanofibers (chitin nanofibrils) to reduce/control the plasticizer migration was investigated. The prediction of plasticizer migration from the films’ core to the external surface was carried out and the diffusion coefficients, obtained by regression of the experimental migration data plotted as the square root of time, were evaluated for different blends compositions. The results of the diffusion coefficients, obtained thanks to migration tests, showed that the CN can slow the plasticizer migration. However, the best result was achieved with micrometric calcium carbonate while nanometric calcium carbonate results were less effective due to favoring of some bio polyesters’ chain scission. The use of both micrometric calcium carbonate and CN was counterproductive due to the agglomeration phenomena that were observed.

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“…CPCB reports of the year 2017-18 estimates that India on an average generates 9.4 million tonnes of plastic wastes per annum which is approximately 26000 tonnes of plastic wastes per day and out of these 9.4 million tonnes of waste, only 5.6 million tonnes of plastic wastes are recycled per annum and the remaining 3.8 million tones left unchecked and littered. Degradation of plastic is difficult because of its stable nature and the basic sources responsible for the increase in its pollution are increasing population, changes in lifestyle, improper recycling, improper dis-posal, and waste management systems (Balestri et al, 2019). Improper handling of LDPE wastes is a threat to marine biota and the birds consuming it, intake of it blocks the intestines of fishes and decrease their gastric secretions, reduced food intake, affects the level of the hormones and increases reproductive failure chances and ultimately leads to their death (Azzarello and Van Vleet,1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation, characterization and optimization of bacterial isolate SARR1 for biodegradation of pretreated low density polyethylene

Rani

Jitender

Singh

et al. 2021

JANS

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Accumulation of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) has caused a threat to the environment because of its stable and inert nature as it cannot be degraded easily by microorganisms. Its lightweight, low cost, strength, durability, and its various other applications, have led to the wide usage of the polymer, which is exerting a negative effect on both marine and land biota. The development of an eco-friendly or a promising strategy is needed to reduce LDPE waste from both land and water. In the present study, observations have been made to isolate highly efficient LDPE degrading bacteria. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to predict the best optimization of media for the degradation of LDPE by isolate SARR1. The isolate SARR1 was selected through primary screening by weight loss method and secondary screening using CO2 evolution test, TTC and MATH Test. The isolate SARR1 showed 6.30 ± 0.25 g/L CO2 evolution. The microbial adhesion hydrophobicity (MATH) was observed during log phase (100 to 56.89 ± 0.97 %) and stationary phase (100 to 82.92 ± 1.24 %). An isolate SARR1 converted the TTC into red coloured insoluble triphenyl formazan (TPF) after incubation of 7 days. The isolated bacteria SARR1 showed 38.3 ± 1.27 % biodegradation efficiency in the pretreated LDPE strips at 37 °C and pH 7.0 under optimized conditions within 30 days of incubation. This bioremediation and biodegradation approach is eco-friendly and safe for the environment. The results of treatment with isolate SARR1 had a potential hope to degrade LDPE at higher rate than natural degradation.

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Phytotoxicity assessment of conventional and biodegradable plastic bags using seed germination test

Cited by 100 publications

References 63 publications

An overview of biodegradable packaging in food industry

An overview of biodegradable packaging in food industry

Sustainable Micro and Nano Additives for Controlling the Migration of a Biobased Plasticizer from PLA-Based Flexible Films

Isolation, characterization and optimization of bacterial isolate SARR1 for biodegradation of pretreated low density polyethylene

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