Phytotoxicity of hydrochars obtained by hydrothermal carbonization of manure-based digestate

Celletti, Silvia; Bergamo, Alex; Pecchi, Matteo; Patuzzi, Francesco; Basso, Daniele; Baratieri, Marco; Cesco, Stefano; Mimmo, Tanja

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111635

Cited by 51 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…In agreement with recent observations (Sun et al, 2013;Ekpo et al, 2016), this study showed that the HTC process tended to concentrate all the elements (Figures 1B, 2B,C), such as C (Figures 1A, 2A), in the hydrochar with respect to the AHL. For this reason, hydrochar, being rich in C and nutrients, has been reported to have the potential to be used as a soil amendment (Bento et al, 2019;Kalderis et al, 2019) or as growing substrate for plants, after some operationally feasible adjustments (Roehrdanz et al, 2019;Celletti et al, 2021). The P binding to Ca, Fe, Mg, and Mn, forming insoluble phosphate salts that precipitate and accumulate in hydrochar has been extensively studied and described (Heilmann et al, 2014;Shi et al, 2014;Huang and Tang, 2015;Wang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, AHL is naturally composed of water and a mixture of organic and inorganic compounds (Lucian and Fiori, 2017): organic acids, carbohydrates, nutrients (especially nitrogen and phosphorus), dissolved salts, and heavy metals (Nakhshiniev et al, 2014;Huang and Yuan, 2016). In addition, most potentially phytotoxic organic compounds (mainly furan derivatives and aromatic compounds; Bargmann et al, 2013;Puccini et al, 2018;Celletti et al, 2021), which are formed during the HTC process from biomass polymers (Funke and Ziegler, 2010), are water-soluble and, therefore, concentrated in the AHL (Karagöz et al, 2005;Bargmann et al, 2013;Elaigwu and Greenway, 2016). Some routes have been suggested for AHL exploitation as a recirculation substrate in a closed-loop system for AD (Pecchi and Baratieri, 2019) or HTC (Stemann et al, 2013;Weiner et al, 2014;Catalkopru et al, 2017) to reduce large AHL volumes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although digestate is used in agriculture for its high mineral nutrient content [mainly nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K)] and organic matter ( Baştabak and Koçar, 2020 ), it can be considered as an effective organic soil amendment or fertilizer only if managed properly ( Nkoa, 2014 ). In this respect, it is important to highlight that N input must be limited to 170 kg ha −1 year −1 on agricultural soils in vulnerable areas according to European Directives 2016/2284/EU and 91/676/EEC ( Celletti et al, 2021 ). Consequently, in specific agricultural contexts/areas, digestate must be disposed of as waste with relevant operational transport and energy consumption for drying (mainly related to its high water content that can reach up to 90–95%, w/w) and, subsequently, additional environmental costs ( Timonen et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the Aqueous Phase From Hydrothermal Carbonization of Cow Manure Digestate as Possible Fertilizer Solution for Plant Growth

et al. 2021

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Improving the agronomic use of recycled nutrients derived from organic waste is one of the priorities within the measures adopted by the European community to reduce environmental issues but remains an unexplored area of research. This study focused on investigating the possibility of using innovative fertilizer solutions in hydroponic systems for the growth of agricultural plants. To this purpose, a liquid fraction [aqueous hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) liquid (AHL)] derived from HTC of cow manure digestate was chemically characterized (pH, electrical conductivity, mineral elements, and organic compounds such as phytotoxins), diluted with distilled water (1:30, 1:60, and 1:90, v/v) to reduce its potential phytotoxicity, and used to grow hydroponic maize (Zea mays L.) plants instead of the classical full-strength nutrient solution. The results indicated that the dilution ratio 1:30 of the AHL solution maintained a high level of toxicity for the plants (phytotoxic substances, especially Na and alkalinity), inducing the arrest of their growth. Differently, the two other dilution ratios (i.e., 1:60 and 1:90) seemed to considerably limit the levels of toxicity, since they allowed the plants to develop. However, these dilution ratios were poor in nutrient elements, inducing alteration in photosynthesis and an onset of deficiency symptoms such as pronounced leaf chlorosis. In view of an eco-friendly approach, future studies are, therefore, needed to identify the correct species-specific dilution ratio to supply both low levels of phytotoxins and adequate content of essential nutrients for appropriate plant growth and development. Furthermore, in order to lower specific Na phytotoxicity, treatments are of utmost importance before using AHL as a fertilizer solution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the Aqueous Phase From Hydrothermal Carbonization of Cow Manure Digestate as Possible Fertilizer Solution for Plant Growth

et al. 2021

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“…These results are in line with the previous study which reported the riches of biochar is due to the feedstock and the temperature. (Celletti et al 2020). Moreover, the presence of microspore in biochars makes it very recommended in agriculture, which is remarkable in the treatments amended by the two biochars (BC-BW and BC-PeH) in our plant's germination (lettuce, barley, and lepidium germination test) (Bargmann et al 2013, andBouqbis et al 2017).…”

Section: Morphological Analysesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The highest value (pH 9.41) was observed in the walnut shells biochar formed at 256 °C, then the pH of the almond shells formed at 343 °C. This goes with an increase in temperature of pyrolysis and a decrease in pH values (Celletti et al 2020). The EC value was lower for the sand comparing to the four biochars.…”

Section: Physical and Chemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Biological, Physico-Chemical and Morphological Analyses of Four Biochars Derived from Agricultural Waste

Fetjah¹,

Ainlhout²,

Ihssane³

et al. 2021

J. Ecol. Eng.

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Around the world, the increasing population and consumption are placing huge demands on food. Agriculture is considered one of the important sectors in the world and the force to feed humanity. While under these circumstances, which stand out by successive years of drought, degradation of soil, climate change, and global warming, this sector has multifaceted a major issue that goes beyond threatening food security. Thus, Morocco characterized by an arid and semi-arid climate is one example of countries that suffered from those problems. Due to lack of rain, the water resources of some Moroccan arable lands are consumed highly as well as the quality of its soils is now degraded. This issue calls for new approaches to amending the degraded soils in these regions and sustain water supplies. Indeed, biochar can be a remedy for these poor soils; in fact, it has an incredible sequester carbon on soil, a benefit on the environment as well as on plant growth. Despite its virtues, certain biochars contain phytotoxic compounds. In this study, four biochars prepared from banana waste, peanut hull, almond shells, and walnut shells were tested on three plant species (cress to test (HAP), barley for assessing heavy metals, and lettuce to assess salinity) before any field application. The chemical and physical analysis was done for the four biochars and the sandy soil, the four biochars were also analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for identifying the morphology of each biochar. The results showed that the four biochars enhanced water holding capacity (WHC), they also revealed the existence of heavy metals especially for almond shells biochar and walnut shells biochar. While for the morphology of each biochar, banana waste biochar (BC-BW) and peanut hull biochar (BC-PeH) had more pores than almond shells biochar (BC-Alm) and walnut shells biochar(BC-WS). Concerning the phytotoxic tests, the lettuce was germinated in all biochars treatments except for the 8% biochar banana treatment, for the cress and barley, all the treatments were grown.

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Heterogeneous Hydrochar-Based Catalysts for Biodiesel Production

Aliyu,

Rashid,

Ghani

et al. 2024

Energy, Environment, and Sustainability

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Phytotoxicity of hydrochars obtained by hydrothermal carbonization of manure-based digestate

Cited by 51 publications

References 89 publications

Evaluating the Aqueous Phase From Hydrothermal Carbonization of Cow Manure Digestate as Possible Fertilizer Solution for Plant Growth

Evaluating the Aqueous Phase From Hydrothermal Carbonization of Cow Manure Digestate as Possible Fertilizer Solution for Plant Growth

Biological, Physico-Chemical and Morphological Analyses of Four Biochars Derived from Agricultural Waste

Heterogeneous Hydrochar-Based Catalysts for Biodiesel Production

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