Pica Practices among Pregnant Women Are Associated with Lower Hemoglobin Levels and Pregnancy Outcome

Khoushabi, Fahimeh; Ahmadi, Parvin; Shadan, Mohammad Reza; Heydari, A; Miri, Ali; Jamnejad, Maryam

doi:10.4236/ojog.2014.411090

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…When a logistic regression was performed, they were 1.23 times more likely to be anaemic. The relationship between pica and anaemia has been documented in other studies [5, 21]. Therefore, in spite of the low prevalence reported in this study, it is still prudent to educate pregnant women and adolescents against practicing pica because of its reported link to anaemia in pregnancy and incidence of lead poisoning [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Anaemia in pregnant adolescent girls with malaria and practicing pica

Intiful¹,

Wiredu²,

Asare³

et al. 2016

Pan Afr Med J

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IntroductionPregnancy during the adolescent period is challenging mainly because of the nutritional demands of both the adolescent and pregnancy period. The risk for anaemia increases especially in developing countries such as Ghana where malaria is endemic and the practice of pica is common. In this study, we sought to determine the prevalence of anaemia, pica practice and malaria infection among pregnant adolescent girls and assess the extent to which these factors are associated.MethodsTwo hundred and sixty five (265) pregnant adolescent girls were recruited from three hospitals in Accra. Haemoglobin levels, malaria infection and the practice of pica were assessed. Pearson's Chi squared tests were used to determine associations and logistic regression analysis was used to determine the odds of being anaemic. Significance was set at p≤0.05.ResultsAnaemia prevalence was 76% with severity ranging from mild (47.8%) to severe (0.8%). About 27.5% were moderately anaemic. Pica was practiced in only 9.1% of the girls. Malaria infection was prevalent in 17.7% of the girls. The logistic regression analysis indicated that pregnant girls with malaria infection were 3.56 times more likely to be anaemic when compared to those without malaria. Also, those who practiced pica were 1.23 times more likely to be anaemic when compared to those who did not practice pica.ConclusionAnaemia is very prevalent in pregnant adolescent girls and is a public health problem. Drastic measures should be taken to reduce the high prevalence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Anaemia in pregnant adolescent girls with malaria and practicing pica

Intiful¹,

Wiredu²,

Asare³

et al. 2016

Pan Afr Med J

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“…These complications vary depending on the type of pica (Ekwenchi, Duru, Ononiwu, & Ezeigbo, ). In a study conducted by Khoushabi et al (), findings indicated the association between pica and low maternal haemoglobin levels during childbirth and iron deficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Maternal under nutrition results in increased risks of short‐term consequences such as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), low birth weight, preterm birth, prenatal and infant mortality and morbidity (Fekadu Beyene, ). In a study conducted by Khoushabi et al () reported that mothers could suffer from dental injuries, intestinal obstructions, toxaemia, constipation, lead poisoning, parasitic infections and hyperkalaemia if the intake of pica becomes pervasive. Myths and misunderstanding surrounding eating of non‐food items can expose pregnant women to serious health consequences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practices of pica among pregnant women in a tertiary healthcare facility in Ghana

Konlan

Abdulai

Konlan³

et al. 2020

Nursing Open

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Aim This study assessed the practice of pica among pregnant women in the Ho Teaching Hospital. Design Descriptive cross‐sectional. Methods Systematic sampling technique was used to recruit 286 pregnant women. Questionnaire was used to collect data. Data entered into Statistical Package for Social Sciences for analysis. Result Of the 286 pregnant women, 21.2% and 17.8% considered white clay and ice respectively as nutritious. Prevalence of pica was 47.5%, while 44.9% of pregnant women who practised pica reported they feel uncomfortable when they do not eat pica as 63.3% considered intake of pica as harmful. Among women who received education against pica practice, 49.4% have ever taken pica as 50.9% of them with education on effects of pica were currently engaged in the activity (χ2 = 1.93 p = .17). Conclusion Health professionals, especially midwives must intensify education on effects of pica among pregnant women.

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“…Medical records, observed no differences in mean birth weight of infants born to women from pica practiced group and the non pica group. However, Khousabi et al [40] found that pica has adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes in Iran. Kariuki et al [41] among the Western Kenyan pregnant women, observed pica prevalence at 27.4%, with consumption of soil and soft stones being frequently reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%