Piceatannol and 3′-Hydroxypterostilbene Alleviate Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Maintaining Intestinal Epithelial Integrity and Regulating Gut Microbiota in Mice

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease has become a significant health concern across the globe, causing frequent and long-term harm to the digestive system. This study evaluated the effect of piceatannol (PIC) and 3′-hydroxypterostilbene (HPSB) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice and investigated whether their effects are exerted through the amelioration of gut barrier dysfunction to reduce the severity of colitis. The findings showed that both PIC and HPSB attenuated inflammation by inhibiting the TNF-α/NF-κB/MLC pathway and reducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation. However, PIC was comparably effective in modulating tight junctions. The results may be attributed to the effect of PIC on reducing cell apoptosis-associated protein expression, including Bax/Bcl-2 and caspase-3 activation. Furthermore, microbiota analysis revealed that both PIC and HPSB increased representative probiotic species, including Akkermansiaceae and Lactobacillus intestinalis, and exhibited inhibitory effects on several bacterial species (Spiroplasmataceae and Acholeplasmataceae). Based on linear discriminant analysis effect size, butyrate-producing bacteria were identified as a biomarker in the PIC group. Overall, the results demonstrated that PIC repressed inflammation, inhibited cell apoptosis, and regulated microbiota composition. Consequently, PIC is more effective in maintaining gut barrier integrity than HPSB, and it is a promising ingredient in the development of functional food for colitis prevention.

Phenolics from Dendrobium officinale Leaf Ameliorate Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Chronic Colitis by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Barrier

“…In addition, compared with the NC group, the spleen index of the MC group was significantly increased ( p < 0.01), while the treatment with DOP could reverse the spleen swelling caused by inflammatory infiltration. Histological evaluation also confirmed that DOP reduced the direct damage of colon and ileum by inflammation …”

“…Histological evaluation also confirmed that DOP reduced the direct damage of colon and ileum by inflammation. 30 Apparently, DOP significantly inhibited the secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels (p < 0.05), which are considered to be the major proinflammatory cytokines that aggravate the inflammatory response and cause colonic tissue damage. 31 The results of RT-qPCR confirmed the above results, although not to the level compared to the normal.…”

An Exopolysaccharide from Genistein-Stimulated Monascus Purpureus: Structural Characterization and Protective Effects against DSS-Induced Intestinal Barrier Injury Associated with the Gut Microbiota-Modulated Short-Chain Fatty Acid-TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB Cascade Response

“…Previous studies have also demonstrated that the Lactobacillus probiotic can potently alleviate intestinal inflammation in mice and positively correlate with TJ expression levels. 47 Moreover, Allobaculum i promotes tryptophan metabolism, which contributes to the relief of intestinal inflammation. 48 However, it should be noted that some Bacteroides can damage the mucous membrane layers, which may aggravate colitis.…”

Virofree Associates with the Modulation of Gut Microbiomes and Alleviation of DSS-Induced IBD Symptoms in Mice

“…The gut microbiota analysis followed a previously described methodology . Genomic DNA of gut bacteria was isolated and purified using an InnuPREP Stool DNA kit following the manufacturer’s protocol, with minor modifications.…”

“…Intestinal permeability was assessed by measuring the amount of FITC-dextran in the bloodstream following oral administration, as previously described. , In brief, each mouse was administered 400 mg/kg of FITC-dextran (molecular weight, 4 kDa; Sigma-Aldrich) via gavage. A blood sample obtained 2 h later was initially centrifuged (10,000 g at 4 °C) for 10 min, and the serum was collected and placed into a 96-well microplate.…”