Picocyanobacterial Contribution to the Total Primary Production in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean

Abstract

Picocyanobacteria (Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus) play an important role in primary production and biogeochemical cycles in the subtropical and tropical Pacific Ocean, but little biological information on them is currently available in the North Pacific Ocean (NPO). The present study aimed to determine the picocyanobacterial contributions to the total primary production in the regions in the NPO using a combination of a dual stable isotope method and metabolic inhibitor. In terms of cell abundance, Prochlorococcus were mostly dominant (95.7 ± 1.4%) in the tropical Pacific region (hereafter, TP), whereas Synechococcus accounted for 50.8%–93.5% in the subtropical and temperate Pacific region (hereafter, SP). Regionally, the averages of primary production and picocyanobacterial contributions were 11.66 mg C m−2·h−1 and 45.2% (±4.8%) in the TP and 22.83 mg C m−2·h−1 and 70.2% in the SP, respectively. In comparison to the carbon, the average total nitrogen uptake rates and picocyanobacterial contributions were 10.11 mg N m−2·h−1 and 90.2% (±5.3%) in the TP and 4.12 mg N m−2·h−1 and 63.5%, respectively. These results indicate that picocyanobacteria is responsible for a large portion of the total primary production in the region, with higher contribution to nitrogen uptake rate than carbon. A long-term monitoring on the picocyanobacterial variability and contributions to primary production should be implemented under the global warming scenario with increasing ecological roles of picocyanobacteria.

First Concurrent Measurement of Primary Production in the Yellow Sea, the South Sea of Korea, and the East/Japan Sea, 2018

“…The carbon uptake rates of the phytoplankton were estimated as described by Dugdale and Goering [30] and Hama et al [31]. The final values of the carbon uptake rates of phytoplankton were then calculated by subtracting the carbon uptake rates of dark bottles to eliminate the heterotrophic bacterial production [33][34][35]. The daily primary productions of phytoplankton were calculated from the hourly primary productions observed in this study and 10-h photoperiod per day reported previously in the YS and EJS [22,24].…”

Marine Nitrogen Fixation and Phytoplankton Ecology

“…In the North Pacific Ocean, ref. [27] determined the picocyanobacterial contribution and the total primary production. The average picocyanobacterial contributions to the carbon uptake rates were 45.2% in the tropical Pacific region and 70.2% in the subtropical and temperate Pacific region, respectively.…”

Analysing the Cyanobacterial PipX Interaction Network Using NanoBiT Complementation in <em>Synechococcus elongatus</em> PCC7942

“…Cyanobacteria, phototrophic prokaryotes that perform oxygenic photosynthesis, constitute an ecologically important phylum that is responsible for the evolution of the oxygenic atmosphere, and are the main contributors to marine primary [1,2]. In addition, their photosynthetic lifestyle and ease of cultivation make them ideal production systems for a number of high-value compounds, including biofuels [3].…”