Picroliv and its Components Kutkoside and Picroside I Protect Liver Against Galactosamine‐Induced Damage in Rats

Abstract

D-Galactosamine (800 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) caused significant decrease in the activities of 5'-nucleotidase, glucose-6-phosphatase and cytochrome P450 and increase in activities of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, succinate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and acid ribonuclease in liver after 24 hr. The levels of RNA, protein and glycogen decreased while total lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol and lipid peroxides increased. It also increased the serum levels of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin while protein concentration decreased significantly. Oral administration of Picroliv (12 mg/kg/day for 7 days), a standardised iridoid glycoside fraction of Picrorhiza kurroa, significantly prevented the biochemical changes in liver and serum of galactosamine-toxicated rats. Kutkoside (12 mg/kg/day for 7 days) also protected against changes in most of the hepatic and serum constituents studied. Another iridoid glycoside from Picroliv, Picroside I, at the same dose level could only prevent toxicant-induced changes in acid phosphatase, phospholipids and lipid peroxides in liver and alkaline phosphatase in serum. Mixture of Picroside I and Kutkoside in the ratio of 1:1.5 at 12 mg/kg dose elicited lesser response than Picroliv.

Biochemical Changes Induced in Liver and Serum of Aflatoxin B1‐Treated Male Wistar Rats: Preventive Effect of Picroliv

“…The activities of 5ø-nucleotidase, g-glutamyl transpeptidase, acid phosphatase, acid ribonuclease, succinate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphatase as well as the content of glycogen in liver and levels of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin in serum were estimated by standard procedures described by Dwivedi et al (1992a). The activities of glutamate dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase in serum were assayed by standard methods (Ellen 1983;Gerlach 1983;Vassult 1983).…”

Herbal Remedy: An Alternate Therapy of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Induced Gastric Ulcer Healing

“…P. kurroa forms a major ingredient of many indigenous medicinal preparations and is traditionally used for dyspepsia, bilious fever, chronic dysentery, and scorpion sting. The most important active constituents of the roots and rhizomes of P. kurroa are the iridoid glycosides, picrosides I, II, III, and kutkoside, Picroside I and kutkoside has been shown to possess potent hepatoprotective [74] and gastroprotective properties mainly through their antioxidative activity [75].…”

Hepatoprotective Efficacy of Picrorhiza kurroa in Experimentally induced Hepatotoxicity in Cockerels

“…Picrorhiza kurroa has been used to treat disorders of the liver and upper respiratory tract, fevers, treat dyspepsia, chronic diarrhoea and scorpion sting (Sood and Chauhan, 2010). Picrorhiza has been shown to protect liver cells from a wide variety of toxins including amanita poisoning, carbon tetrachloride (Lee et al, 2007), galactosamine (Dwivedi et al, 1992), ethanol (Rastogi et al, 1996), aflatoxin-B1 (Dwivedi et al, 1993), acetaminophen (Singh et al, 1992), and thioacetamide (Dwivedi et al, 1991), in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. The present study was planned to investigate the activity of P. kurroa on liver function markers following experimentally induced hepatotoxicity in cockerel.…”