The role of attention in creative cognition remains controversial. Neuroimaging studies have
reported activation of brain regions linked to both cognitive control and spontaneous imaginative
processes, raising questions about how these regions interact to support creative thought. Using
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we explored this question by examining dynamic
interactions between brain regions during a divergent thinking task. Multivariate pattern analysis
revealed a distributed network associated with divergent thinking, including several core hubs of
the default (posterior cingulate) and executive (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) networks. The
resting-state network affiliation of these regions was confirmed using data from an independent
sample of participants. Graph theory analysis assessed global efficiency of the divergent thinking
network, and network efficiency was found to increase as a function of individual differences in
divergent thinking ability. Moreover, temporal connectivity analysis revealed increased coupling
between default and salience network regions (bilateral insula) at the beginning of the task,
followed by increased coupling between default and executive network regions at later stages. Such
dynamic coupling suggests that divergent thinking involves cooperation between brain networks linked
to cognitive control and spontaneous thought, which may reflect focused internal attention and the
top-down control of spontaneous cognition during creative idea production.