Piezo-induced sensitivity enhancements in electro-optic field sensors

Garzarella, Anthony; Qadri, S. B.; Wieting, Terence J.; Wu, Dong Ho

doi:10.1063/1.2030414

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The overall response of this condition is similar to the simulation results of metallization-free conditions, which indicates that the metallization does not screen the polarization effect under the given conditions. These results are consistent with results reported earlier [1,2,4] where samples electroded in a similar manner displayed wave enhancement due to an induced periodic polarization.…”

Section: Dielectric Waveguide With Top and Bottom Metallizationsupporting

confidence: 95%

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Periodically Poled Structure on Microwave Transmissions Evaluated by Scattering Parameters

McIntosh

Garcia

Bhalla

et al. 2011

Integrated Ferroelectrics

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A combined experimental and numerical investigation has been conducted to study piezoelectric resonance process in relation to the strain gradient, the local polarization, and the displacement current in a piezoelectric crystal-resonator. Experimental discoveries showed that at certain sub-wavelengths of the fundamental piezoelectric resonant frequencies of a given resonator, electrooptic coefficients and also the optical transmission in an otherwise opaque configuration are greatly enhanced. This paper reports preliminary study by finite element analysis modeling on microwave transmission behavior when the piezoelectric material is modulated by periodic polarization distribution defined by piezoelectric resonance or generated by periodic poling. Transmission parameters are simulated in wide frequency range to characterize wave propagation behavior of the material in various local polarization conditions related to piezoelectric transverse or longitudinal resonance modes.

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Section: Dielectric Waveguide With Top and Bottom Metallizationsupporting

confidence: 95%

“…It was reported that piezoelectric resonance can have a significant effect on the electrooptic (EO) response of a material [1][2][3][4]. In the resonant condition an improved coupling is observed (by way of a dual frequency scanning) at frequencies well above the fundamental resonant frequency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodically Poled Structure on Microwave Transmissions Evaluated by Scattering Parameters

McIntosh

Garcia

Bhalla

et al. 2011

Integrated Ferroelectrics

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“…In general, the dynamic LLF distribution in the midplane between the two centers of the two spheres can be measured according to the electro-optic Pockels effect [12][13][14] and the computerized tomography principle. 15,16 The electro-optic Pockels effect produces birefringence in an optical medium subjected to a constant (or varying) electric field E 0 , yielding n | -n ⊥ ∝ E 0 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Lorentz Local Electric Field in Soft-Matter Systems

et al. 2009

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In electric-field-responsive soft-matter systems, the suspended particles respond to the Lorentz local field (LLF), yielding abundant important phenomena. Even though the particles can easily rotate, the LLF was conventionally adopted as a quantity that is independent of rotations in the literature. In contrast, here we design an experiment to measure the LLF between two metallic spheres, one of which is rotating, and report a rotation-driven reduction. Excellent agreement between our experiment and theory reveals the role of the relaxation of dipole moments. Its relevance to biophysics, colloidal physics, and nonlinear physics is also discussed.

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“…One of the most striking parasitic effects is the occurrence of piezoelectric resonances [2], which has been observed to enhance the sensor responsivity by as much as a factor of 350. Although this is generally a low frequency phenomenon, we have found a method of exploiting the sensitivity enhancements for detection of sub-ns pulsed fields.…”

Section: Fiber Attachedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Progress in High Sensitivity Electro-optic Field Sensors

Garzarella

Hinton

2007

2007 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

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Compact Electro-optic (EO) sensors for nonperturbative electric field detection are described, along with several interesting parasitic effects which can be suppressed or exploited to enhance the sensor responsivity.Electro-optic (EO) field sensors have recently gained considerable interest, due to their compact size (a few mm 3 ), large intrinsic bandwidth (DC-THz), and ability to simultaneously measure both field amplitude and phase [1][2][3][4]. Unlike conventional metal probes, EO sensors are all-dielectric, thus minimally perturb the fields they measure. An EO sensor measures an external electric field though a modulation of birefringence (detected optically) induced by the field on the nonlinear crystal. We have developed three different types of EO sensors: a free-field sensor to measure an electric field in transmission mode, another free-field sensor in reflection mode, and an optical fiberattached sensor to measure a field inside a cavity. Our reflection mode and fiber optic sensors are shown in Figure 1A. These sensors can detect both CW RF fields as well as transient RF fields. Figure 1B shows the output signal from our reflection mode EO sensor (top trace) under a 600 ps risetime pulsed input field (bottom trace). It can be seen in Figure 1B that the modulated signal accurately reproduces the phase of the input field. The pulse height of the output signal is proportional to the pulse height of input signal. The proportionality factor is defined as the responsivity of the sensor. Typical responsivities of our sensors are of the order of several microns. The minimum detectable field will depend on the intrinsic noise levels in the laser and photodetector. Using typical, commercially available components, we achieved minimum detectable fields of several mV/m-Hz 1/2 Reflection Mode Fiber Attached INPUT Field to Sensor600 ps risetime EO sensor output LiNbO 3 EO sensor (A) (B) Figure 1. (A) Sensor heads for reflection mode and fiber attached sensors, (B) EO sensor output for a 600 ps risetime input field a654_1.pdf CTuU6.pdf ©OSA 1-55752-834-9

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Piezo-induced sensitivity enhancements in electro-optic field sensors

Abstract: New versatile and linear optical sensor based on electro-optical modulation and compensation Rev.

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

Periodically Poled Structure on Microwave Transmissions Evaluated by Scattering Parameters

Periodically Poled Structure on Microwave Transmissions Evaluated by Scattering Parameters

On the Lorentz Local Electric Field in Soft-Matter Systems

Progress in High Sensitivity Electro-optic Field Sensors

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