Piezoelectric EMI–Based Monitoring of Early Strength Gain in Concrete and Damage Detection in Structural Components

Saravanan, T. Jothi; Balamonica, K.; Priya, C. Bharathi; Gopalakrishnan, N.; Murthy, S. G. N.

doi:10.1061/(asce)is.1943-555x.0000386

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The authors conclude by stating that the approach proposed in the work has the potential to be applied to in situ hydration monitoring of reinforced concrete structures. More research in the field of concrete strength prediction can be found in recent studies [ 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 ].…”

Section: Investigations On the Emi Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Piezoelectric Electromechanical Impedance Based Structural Health Monitoring Technique for Engineering Structures

Baek

2018

Sensors

247

153

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The birth of smart materials such as piezoelectric (PZT) transducers has aided in revolutionizing the field of structural health monitoring (SHM) based on non-destructive testing (NDT) methods. While a relatively new NDT method known as the electromechanical (EMI) technique has been investigated for more than two decades, there are still various problems that must be solved before it is applied to real structures. The technique, which has a significant potential to contribute to the creation of one of the most effective SHM systems, involves the use of a single PZT for exciting and sensing of the host structure. In this paper, studies applied for the past decade related to the EMI technique have been reviewed to understand its trend. In addition, new concepts and ideas proposed by various authors are also surveyed, and the paper concludes with a discussion of the potential directions for future works.

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Section: Investigations On the Emi Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Piezoelectric Electromechanical Impedance Based Structural Health Monitoring Technique for Engineering Structures

Baek

2018

Sensors

247

153

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“…It is of 150 mm × 100 mm cross section and 1.5-m long casted using M40 grade concrete mix, designed as per IS 456-2000. 22 The mix proportions of the beam and the embedment procedure of the SSUs inside the beam are discussed in details in the previous studies by Jothi Saravanan et al 15 The RC beam is embedded with six SSUs (named as P2 to P7) at an equal distance, and the schematic diagram of the layout of embedded SSUs in RC beam specimen is shown in Figure 2. The SSUs are made of plates of varying thickness, and the details of the steel plate thickness used are given in Table 2.…”

Section: Experimental Studies In Rc Beammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electro-mechanical impedance (EMI)-based monitoring using PZT patches were able to clearly identify the changes in the concrete matrix from day 1 to day 28 which is highly difficult to be monitored in any other non-destructive methods. [13][14][15][16] EMI catches up with the local loss of stiffness arising near the vicinity of the damage which in turn can be used to indicate the occurrence of damage. Karayannis et al 17 presented an experimental study to demonstrate the usage of technique to detect structural damage in real time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electro-mechanical impedance (EMI)–based monitoring using PZT patches were able to clearly identify the changes in the concrete matrix from day 1 to day 28 which is highly difficult to be monitored in any other non-destructive methods. 13–16…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 To overcome this interference effect, Na and Lee 21 have used various plate dimensions to alter the mass and stiffness of each patches, thereby shifting the resonant peak of each PZT. Another method of multi-sensing using PZT sensors by using carrier plates of different thickness, their applicability for NDT of metallic structures 21 and for monitoring the hydration of the concrete have been addressed in the previous studies reported by Jothi Saravanan et al 15 As a next step, the use of multi-sensing technique is now extended for damage prognosis in reinforced concrete (RC) structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Piezoelectric sensor–based damage progression in concrete through serial/parallel multi-sensing technique

Balamonica

et al. 2019

Structural Health Monitoring

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Structural damage detection using unmanned Structural Health Monitoring techniques is becoming the need of the day with the technologies available presently. Sensors made of Lead Zirconate Titanate materials, due to their simplicity and robustness, are increasingly used as an effective monitoring sensor in Structural Health Monitoring. Continuous monitoring of the structures using Lead Zirconate Titanate sensors often results in a laborious data retrieval process due to the large amount of signal generated. To speed up the data retrieval process, a multi-sensing technique in which the Lead Zirconate Titanate patches are connected in series and parallel is proposed for structural damage detection. The proposed method is validated using an experimental investigation carried out on a reinforced concrete beam embedded with smart Lead Zirconate Titanate sensor units. The beam is subjected to damage, and the location of damage is identified using conductance signatures obtained from patches sensed individually and through multiplexing. This article proposes an effective methodology for selection of patches to be connected in series/parallel to maximise the efficiency of damage detection. Damage quantification using conventional statistical metrics such as root mean square deviation, mean absolute percentage deviation and cross correlations are found to be ineffective in identifying the location of damage from the multiplexed signatures. In turn, dynamic metrics such as moving root mean square deviation, moving mean absolute percentage deviation and moving cross correlation with overlapped moving blocks of data are proposed in the present work and their ability to detect the damage location from multiplexed signatures is discussed.

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Monitoring of compressive strength gain in mass concrete using embedded piezoelectric transducers

Ai,

Chen,

Zhu

2024

Structural Design Tall Build

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This study extended the electromechanical impedance (EMI) technique to monitor the 28‐day age of strength gain in mass concrete, although it has been validated in strength monitoring of a lab‐scaled concrete specimen. Embedded piezoelectric (PZT) transducer, namely, aluminum embedded PZT (AEP), that was wrapped by two sandwich aluminum pastes was proposed for EMI monitoring. The workability of the AEP was first verified via finite element analysis, where the effect of hydration heat on the EMI signature of the AEP was evaluated via numerical modeling and prior thermal test. In the experiment, totally four AEP transducers arranged at different loci were applied to monitor strength gain in a mass concrete specimen. As a comparison, the maturity method was also performed to estimate the strength of the specimen. Characteristics of EMI signature and its statistical indices including root mean square deviation (RMSD) and mean absolute percentage deviation (MAPD) were analyzed and correlated to strength development in mass concrete. Monitoring results indicated that the AEP transducers were capable of identifying the strength gain of mass concrete. The logarithmic function between the RMSD/MAPD index values and compressive strength perfectly predicted the strength development, which could be further employed for real‐life and in situ applications.

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Piezoelectric EMI–Based Monitoring of Early Strength Gain in Concrete and Damage Detection in Structural Components

Cited by 44 publications

References 29 publications

A Review of the Piezoelectric Electromechanical Impedance Based Structural Health Monitoring Technique for Engineering Structures

A Review of the Piezoelectric Electromechanical Impedance Based Structural Health Monitoring Technique for Engineering Structures

Piezoelectric sensor–based damage progression in concrete through serial/parallel multi-sensing technique

Monitoring of compressive strength gain in mass concrete using embedded piezoelectric transducers

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