Piezoelectric Performance of Cubic‐Phase BaTiO₃ Nanoparticles Vertically Aligned via Electric Field

Abstract

In general, the piezoelectric generation performance of randomly dispersed particle‐polymer composite nanogenerators is low because of the disconnection between separated nanoparticles and the loss of generating energy on passing through the thick polymer insulating layer. If the nanoparticles are self‐aligned unidirectionally and closely to each other, stress‐induced charges can be generated even with a tiny stimulus with no or less energy loss due to the stress‐sensitive geometric structure and more shortened energy transfer pathways. Herein, a facile electrical orientation method is reported to obtain vertically aligned spherical cubic‐phase BaTiO3 nanoparticle arrays in a polymer matrix for the enhanced piezoelectric power generation. It is observed that the (200) diffraction plane of cubic‐phase BaTiO3 is transformed by an electric field to generate piezoelectric performance. Compared with the randomly dispersed nanoparticle composite, the vertically aligned BaTiO3 array film has excellent electrical output performance (≈3 V and 650 nA) and more than twice the transparency because of reducing light scattering by gathering BaTiO3 nanoparticles. Additionally, it is demonstrated that electric charge generated by a mechanical microloading of 4 µm denting depth using a nanoindenter equipment can pass through the polymer insulating layer in the well‐aligned composite system but not the dispersed system.

Regulating Zn Deposition via an Artificial Solid–Electrolyte Interface with Aligned Dipoles for Long Life Zn Anode

“…1 c). It is considered that BTO can be polarized by the external field during charging/discharging processes [ 38 ]. Thereby, a directional electric field on BTO layer surface is provided when discharging.…”

Understanding Nanoscale Plasticity by Quantitative In Situ Conductive Nanoindentation

“…The low electrical output is a common problem in particlepolymer composite nanogenerators due to electrical disconnection between the randomly dispersed nanoparticles and energy loss during traveling through highly insulating polymers. [366] The proper alignment of these particles together with a closer arrangement would result in shorter pathways for efficient energy transfer, and the stress-induced geometric structure will result in zero energy loss. Vertically aligned (200) cubic BaTiO 3 nanofibers in the poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) polymer matrix were shown to exhibit a higher piezoelectric response.…”

“…Reproduced with permission. [366] Copyright 2017, John Wiley and Sons. essential to know the mechanical properties in-depth, particularly the turf transfer, compression behavior, viscoelastic (VE)/ viscoplastic (VP) properties, and the time-dependent (TD) behavior.…”

“…d) I-h-t curve of the nonaligned BTOP film with no evidence of current rise. Reproduced with permission [366]. Copyright 2017, John Wiley and Sons.…”

Hierarchically architected polydopamine modified BaTiO3@P(VDF-TrFE) nanocomposite fiber mats for flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators and self-powered sensors

“…[40] To address this drawback, nanocomposites comprising inorganic piezoelectric nanoparticles and flexible polymers have been developed for improving the piezoelectric output performance of polymeric PENGs, taking advantages of the high piezo-response of the former and the flexibility of the latter. [1,14,41,42] Among the piezoelectric polymers, P(VDF-TrFE) is attractive owing to its enhanced spontaneous polarization. [43][44][45] For the inorganic piezoelectric nanofillers, BT nanoparticles have been used to enhance the piezoelectric property of polymers because of their high piezoelectric coefficient, lead-free and low cost.…”