Piezoelectric properties of ZnO

Srikanth, K. S.; Wazeer, Adil; Mathiyalagan, P.; Vidya, Shrikant; Rajput, Kapil; Kushwaha, H.S.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818900-9.00024-3

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…PVDF is also biocompatible [14], flexible [14], and non-hazardous [15]. We also selected zinc oxide (ZnO) as the second material in the study as it is biocompatible [16], piezoelectric [17], and antibacterial [18]. However, ZnO is not very flexible and tends to be brittle [19].…”

Section: Design Choicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creation of a Novel Piezoelectric Nanogenerator for Sensory Receptor Damage Treatments

Joshi¹

2023

MSCE

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Every year, millions of people incur damage to sensory receptors that interact with the external environment. Two areas of concern are hearing loss (affecting around 430 million) and burns (affecting 11 million annually). Current treatments for burns involve skin grafts, which are expensive and prone to rejection by the body. Current treatments for hearing loss involve implants and hearing aids, which have limited sensitivity, need batteries and charging, are expensive, and are prone to infection. Thus, there is a need for a self-powered, flexible, biocompatible, antibacterial, and inexpensive solution that can respond to stimuli at a rate comparable to tissue. Piezoelectric materials convert mechanical energy into electricity, thus replicating touch and hearing by simulating nerve signals. In this study, piezoelectric membranes with varying ratios of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and zinc oxide (ZnO) were fabricated using electrospinning. These membranes were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), stress-strain analysis, and piezoresponse testing. Results showed that increasing the amount of PVDF made the membrane more flexible but reduced its piezoelectric potential (decrease in PVDF β-phase). Increasing the amount of ZnO significantly increased piezoelectric potential (increase in PVDF β-phase) but degraded the flexibility and usability of the membrane. Therefore, a 1:1 w/w ratio of PVDF to ZnO is the optimum ratio for balancing both piezoelectric potential and flexibility. These results support the hypothesis that composites of PVDF and ZnO can help realize self-powered hearing rehab devices and wearable electronic skin.

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Section: Design Choicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creation of a Novel Piezoelectric Nanogenerator for Sensory Receptor Damage Treatments

Joshi¹

2023

MSCE

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“…While most metal oxides and metals grown to date via SIS are amorphous, ZnO is known to grow as a polycrystalline material even at room temperature . Interest in controlling its growth is owed to its piezoelectricity, its wide band gap, biocompatibility, and more. − For those reasons, along with the high availability of the diethylzinc (DEZ) precursor in ALD systems, it was quickly implemented in a large variety of polymer-precursor pairings. It was demonstrated by Lee et al, in their seminal paper that showed how metal oxide growth inside spider silk can increase the mechanical durability of fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development and Atomic Structure of Zinc Oxide Crystals Grown within Polymers from Vapor Phase Precursors

Weisbord,

Barzilay,

Cai

et al. 2024

ACS Nano

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Sequential infiltration synthesis (SIS), also known as vapor phase infiltration (VPI), is a quickly expanding technique that allows growth of inorganic materials within polymers from vapor phase precursors. With an increasing materials library, which encompasses numerous organometallic precursors and polymer chemistries, and an expanding application space, the importance of understanding the mechanisms that govern SIS growth is ever increasing. In this work, we studied the growth of polycrystalline ZnO clusters and particles in three representative polymers: poly(methyl methacrylate), SU-8, and polymethacrolein using vapor phase diethyl zinc and water. Utilizing two atomic resolution methods, highresolution scanning transmission electron microscopy and synchrotron Xray absorption spectroscopy, we probed the evolution of ZnO nanocrystals size and crystallinity level inside the polymers with advancing cycles�from early nucleation and growth after a single cycle, through the formation of nanometric particles within the films, and to the coalescence of the particles upon polymer removal and thermal treatment. Through in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and microgravimetry, we highlight the important role of water molecules throughout the process and the polymers' hygroscopic level that leads to the observed differences in growth patterns between the polymers, in terms of particle size, dispersity, and the evolution of crystalline order. These insights expand our understanding of crystalline materials growth within polymers and enable rational design of hybrid materials and polymer-templated inorganic nanostructures.

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“…This fundamental property finds extensive use in sensors, transducers, actuators, and energy harvesting devices, where ZnO efficiently converts mechanical energy into electrical signals and vice versa. 5 Advances in nanotechnology open new horizons in the world of science. Thanks to the advantages of nanofiber mats produced by electrospinning method, such as high porosity, pore size distribution, morphology, and high length/diameter ratio, nanofibers have many applications in fields such as medicine, filtration, drug release, tissue engineering, wound dressing, and smart textiles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This dipole moment results in electric polarization, allowing ZnO to generate an electric voltage when stressed (direct piezoelectric effect) or change shape when subjected to an electric field (inverse piezoelectric effect). This fundamental property finds extensive use in sensors, transducers, actuators, and energy harvesting devices, where ZnO efficiently converts mechanical energy into electrical signals and vice versa 5 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Among those, ZnO due to its environmental friendly nature, easy-processability, low cost, and chemical stability is a unique material preferred in piezoelectric applications. 4 Use of ZnO in different shapes such as nanorods and nanowires, 5 types or the particle sizes [6][7][8][9] in piezoelectric polymer can increase power outputs. The piezoelectric behavior of zinc oxide arises from its crystal structure and the response of its charged ions to mechanical stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self‐standing piezoelectric nanogenerator fabrics from ZnO‐doped PVDF nanofiber yarns

Borazan,

Celik Bedeloglu

2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Today a wide variety of wearable electronics are in our daily lives and their uses are increasing. The development of portable, flexible, lightweight, cost‐effective, and stable devices that produce sustainable energy with renewable approaches in the field of wearable electronics, as in every field, is one of the important issues of today. According to their volume and weight, the use of nanofibers with high surface area in energy‐generating devices may bring them advantages such as lightness and higher energy density. Therefore, in recent years, researchers have focused on the development of nanofiber‐based nanogenerators that produce energy using mechanical energy in a sustainable and renewable way. In this paper, self‐standing piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) fabrics were obtained by developing flexible composite poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofiber yarns doped with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles at different rates to provide higher power output. It has been characterized from electromechanical, structural, and morphological aspects. The most successful self‐standing PENG fabric obtained (at 5% ZnO loading) doubled the energy output of the fabric made from pure PVDF nanofiber yarn and provided a peak total power of 81 μW and a power density of 30 μW/cm2. The present results open up the field for the development of PVDF/ZnO‐based nanomats and their use in sensors and actuators in the healthcare and engineering industries.

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Piezoelectric properties of ZnO

Cited by 5 publications

References 77 publications

Creation of a Novel Piezoelectric Nanogenerator for Sensory Receptor Damage Treatments

Creation of a Novel Piezoelectric Nanogenerator for Sensory Receptor Damage Treatments

The Development and Atomic Structure of Zinc Oxide Crystals Grown within Polymers from Vapor Phase Precursors

Self‐standing piezoelectric nanogenerator fabrics from ZnO‐doped PVDF nanofiber yarns

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