Pigment cell organization in the hypodermis of zebrafish

Hirata, Miyuki; Nakamura, Kei‐ichiro; Kanemaru, Takaaki; Shibata, Yosaburo; Kondo, Shigeru

doi:10.1002/dvdy.10334

Cited by 170 publications

(206 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Squamation begins at around day 20 or when fish reach a standard length of 8 mm (Sire et al, 1997). The disposition of pigment cells in the zebrafish integument has been detailed previously (Hirata et al, 2003;Hirata et al, 2005). The majority of melanocytes (typified by those cells comprising the horizontal stripes of the trunk) reside in ribbons that are four to six cells wide and one cell thick, sandwiched between sheets of iridiphores (metallic-appearing pigment cells) and xanthophores.…”

Section: Zebrafish Melanocytes Expressing Oncogenic Ras Are Malignantmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of melanocytes (typified by those cells comprising the horizontal stripes of the trunk) reside in ribbons that are four to six cells wide and one cell thick, sandwiched between sheets of iridiphores (metallic-appearing pigment cells) and xanthophores. This sandwich of pigment cells is located between the stratum compactum and the muscle layer, in a layer known as the hypodermis (Hirata et al, 2003;Hirata et al, 2005). Occasional pigment cells are also dispersed in the stratum spongiosum of the dermis.…”

Section: Zebrafish Melanocytes Expressing Oncogenic Ras Are Malignantmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissecting the roles of Raf- and PI3K-signalling pathways in melanoma formation and progression in a zebrafish model

Michailidou

Jones

Walker

et al. 2009

Disease Models &Amp; Mechanisms

102

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SUMMARYDeregulated Ras signalling is implicated in most human neoplasia, exemplified by melanoma. Whereas Raf activation occurs almost ubiquitously in benign and malignant melanocytic neoplasms, implying an involvement in tumour initiation, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activation occurs predominantly in malignant neoplasms, implying an involvement in malignant progression. Here, we dissect the contributions of these two pathways to tumourigenesis in vivo, by modulating their activities in zebrafish melanocytes. Misexpression of oncogenic Ras (V12RAS) in founder fish induced frequent melanoma, beginning at larval stages, with concomitant activation of Raf-Mek-Erk and PI3K-Akt signalling. Misexpression of effector-domain mutants of V12RAS, or of various downstream effectors, confirmed a selective role for the Raf-Mek-Erk pathway in initiating neoplasia, but highlighted the requirement for additional Ras effector pathways for malignancy. The phenotype of animals with germ-line transmission of V12RAS resembled familial atypical mole and melanoma (FAMM) syndrome: melanocytes displayed hyperplasia, dysplasia, altered terminal differentiation and spontaneously progressed to invasive melanoma. Co-expressing a dominant-interfering form of PI3K abolished V12RAS-induced malignancy, demonstrating a direct role for PI3K signalling in the malignant progression of melanoma in vivo, and highlighting PI3K as a promising target for melanoma therapy.

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Section: Zebrafish Melanocytes Expressing Oncogenic Ras Are Malignantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Zebrafish Melanocytes Expressing Oncogenic Ras Are Malignantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissecting the roles of Raf- and PI3K-signalling pathways in melanoma formation and progression in a zebrafish model

Michailidou

Jones

Walker

et al. 2009

Disease Models &Amp; Mechanisms

102

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“…The pattern of skin pigmentation in zebrafish is composed of three types of pigment cells distributed in the hypodermis: melanophores, the main component of dark stripes; xanthophores, the main component of light stripes; and iridophores (Hirata et al, 2003;Kelsh, 2004). Although different from the stripes of Pomacanthus imperator, the stripes of zebrafish do not become rearranged during normal growth, artificial disturbance of the pattern can induce the characteristic pattern change that is specific to the RD mechanism.…”

Section: The Pigment Pattern Of Zebrafish Retains the Dynamic Nature mentioning

confidence: 99%

How animals get their skin patterns: fish pigment pattern as a live Turing wave

Kondo¹,

Iwashita²,

Yamaguchi³

2009

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

Self Cite

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It is more than fifty years since Alan Turing first presented the reaction-diffusion (RD) model, to account for the mechanism of biological pattern formation. In the paper entitled "The chemical basis of morphogenesis", Turing concluded that spatial patterns autonomously made in the embryo are generated as the stationary wave of the chemical (cellular) reactions. Although this novel idea was paid little attention by experimental biologists, recent experimental data are suggesting that the RD mechanism really functions in some of the course of animal development. Among the phenomena in which involvement of the RD mechanism is suspected, the striped pigment pattern of zebrafish has been highlighted as an ideal model system for the following reasons: the stationary wave made by the RD mechanism stays alive and can be observed only in the fish skin; and in zebrafish, we can utilize genomic information and molecular genetic techniques to clarify the molecular basis of pattern formation. In this review, we summarize recent progresses in the study of zebrafish pigment pattern formation that is uncovering how the RD wave is made and maintained in the skin.

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“…The patterns of danio fishes comprise several different classes of pigment cells, or chromatophores, including: black melanophores, yellow or orange xanthophores, red (Bagnara, 1998;Hirata et al, 2003;Kelsh, 2004;Parichy et al, 2006). This variety of cell types differs from birds and mammals, which exhibit just a single neural crestderived pigment cell, the melanocyte.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) Iridophores are distributed widely over the flank of both species but are particularly distinctive within melanophore-free interstripe regions; the intracellular arrangement of iridophore reflecting platelets differs between melanophore stripes and interstripe regions (Hirata et al, 2003). Note the narrower and more irregular interstripe region of D. albolineatus as compared to D. rerio (whole fish are pictured in Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of danio pigment pattern development

2006

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Pigment patterns of danio fishes are emerging as a useful system for studying the evolution of developmental mechanisms underlying adult form. Different closely related species within the genera Danio and Devario exhibit a range of pigment patterns including horizontal stripes, vertical bars, and others. In this review, I summarize recent work identifying the genetic and cellular bases for adult pigment pattern formation in the zebrafish Danio rerio, as well as studies of how these mechanisms have evolved in other danios. Together, these analyses highlight the importance of latent precursors at post-embrynoic stages, as well as interactions within and among pigment cell classes, for both pigment pattern development and evolution.

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Pigment cell organization in the hypodermis of zebrafish

Cited by 170 publications

References 30 publications

Dissecting the roles of Raf- and PI3K-signalling pathways in melanoma formation and progression in a zebrafish model

Dissecting the roles of Raf- and PI3K-signalling pathways in melanoma formation and progression in a zebrafish model

How animals get their skin patterns: fish pigment pattern as a live Turing wave

Evolution of danio pigment pattern development

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