Pigment Penetration Characterization of Colored Boundaries in Powder-Based Color 3D Printing

Yao, Danyang; Yuan, Jiangping; Tian, Jieni; Wang, Liru; Chen, Guangxue

doi:10.3390/ma15093245

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…3.1 3D printed structural color patterns 3D printing is an additive manufacturing technology, where 3D models are sliced by software and then printed out layer by layer through a printer to realize the model in three dimensions. Especially in recent decades, 3D printing technology has developed rapidly, from single color printing to color printing (Yao et al, 2022); printing principles such as SLA, FDM, SLS and other technologies are also varied.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural color printing and evaluation based on 3D printing

2023

PRT

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to modify the FDM 3D printer to print with polystyrene (PS) microspheres as the printing material, thus enabling bottom-up structural color printing and evaluating structural color printing. Design/methodology/approach This study chose a range of different heated bed temperatures to determine a suitable temperature for accelerating the self-assembly of photonic crystals and printing structural colors on various substrates. In addition, this study enhanced the structural color by doping PS microspheres with different contents of Acid Black 210 dye and evaluated the color-enhanced structural color by eye and spectrophotometer under different light sources. Findings The results show that the modified 3D printer can be used for structural color printing, and 50°C is determined as the heated bed temperature. There are significant differences in structural colors when printing under different color backgrounds and material substrates, and corresponding suitable substrates should be selected according to the application. The doping of PS microspheres with varying contents of dye results in different color levels of structural color. As with pigment colors, the visual perception of structural color varies when viewed under different light sources. Originality/value This paper proposes to print structural colors low-costly, analyze structural colors under substrate and light source conditions, and expand the structural color gamut by enhancing structural colors, which has positive implications for further research on structural colors as printing colors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural color printing and evaluation based on 3D printing

2023

PRT

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“…Furthermore, some preliminary studies have also confirmed that chromatic metrics do not precisely match human vision in terms of color representation for color 3D printed objects, and more evaluation metrics are needed [ 19 , 20 ]. For this reason, image-based metrics have been gradually developed for color 3D printing, such as structural similarity, feature similarity, and image difference, which are full-reference image quality comparison metrics [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. These image-based metrics are implemented in statistics, from grayscale map comparison to color map comparison.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a Quality Evaluation System for Color Reproduction of Color 3D Printing Based on MATLAB Multi-Metrics

2023

Self Cite

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Color 3D printing has been widely used in many fields such as cultural, medical, industrial, and food. The color reproduction accuracy of 3D printed products in these fields is becoming increasingly demanding, which requires more reproduction methods and practical tools. At present, most color 3D printing devices use one quantitative index, that is, color difference, to directly predict the color reproduction quality. However, this single quantitative index is not optimal for the curved surface of 3D printed color objects. Based on color evaluation principles, in this study, five new quantitative metrics consisting of color gamut comparison index, color SSIM index, color FSIM index, iCID index, and subjective scaling values are proposed for comparison, and the corresponding GUI design and code implementation of new color quality evaluation system are performed by MATLAB. Moreover, the comprehensive color assessment of color 3D printed products is confirmed by utilizing standard image acquisition and microscopic imaging methods that are not limited to printing materials and sampling locations. The operation of this system is validated to provide interactivity, simplicity and high efficiency. As a result, the system can provide new valuable feedback for color separation and output calibration of color 3D printing devices.

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“…16,17 So, it is needed to determine the boundary coloring width of each slice. 18 The color definition of the internal voxels within a certain range under the surface of the color 3D model is very important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contrary to a general 3D printing system which only needs to define the number and thickness of slices, a multi‐jet system machine using translucent materials for color 3D models also relies on the accurate definition of color of the voxels under the surface of the material for better visual effects 16,17 . So, it is needed to determine the boundary coloring width of each slice 18 . The color definition of the internal voxels within a certain range under the surface of the color 3D model is very important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Color printing based on 3MF: Color diffusion from the surface to the interior of voxel model

Liu

Yang

et al. 2023

Engineering Reports

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Full‐color 3D printing technology has become more and more popular for industrial manufacturing applications. The voxelization of color 3D models and the expression of appearance colors become more and more important. To illustrate the complex appearance and internal characteristics of 3D models, we present a voxelization algorithm of the color 3D models for color 3D printing in this paper. Specifically, we use the 3D model of 3D Manufacturing Format (3MF) with color appearance features for surface voxelization first. Then, we propose an improved scan line filling algorithm to realize the voxelization of the interior of the model and obtain the color voxel model. Finally, to improve the high quality of color printing, we propose a surface color inward diffusion algorithm, which can make the surface color of the voxel model diffuse inward and further express the surface color of the voxel model. The experimental results show our proposed method can obtain an effective color voxel model and accurately express the color of the voxel model surface, which can enhance the color effect of the color model and realize the control of voxels.

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Pigment Penetration Characterization of Colored Boundaries in Powder-Based Color 3D Printing

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Structural color printing and evaluation based on 3D printing

Structural color printing and evaluation based on 3D printing

Developing a Quality Evaluation System for Color Reproduction of Color 3D Printing Based on MATLAB Multi-Metrics

Color printing based on 3MF: Color diffusion from the surface to the interior of voxel model

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