Pigmentation and Composition of Flesh of Atlantic Salmon Fed Diets Supplemented with the YeastPhaffia rhodozyma

Abstract

In a pigmentation trial, Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in ocean pens were fed diets supplemented with the red yeast Phaffia rhodozyma, a control diet supplemented with synthetic astaxanthin, and a nonpigmented control diet. Yeast diets contained spray‐dried untreated P. rhodozyma, heat‐treated and spray‐dried P. rhodozyma, and heat‐treated and chemically treated spray‐dried P. rhodozyma. Growth, weight, and fork length of all fish increased linearly with feeding and were not significantly different at the end of the study. Astaxanthin concentration in all pigmented fish increased linearly and ranged from 3.26 to 3.78 mg/kg after 150 d of feeding. Apart from the nonpigmented diet, astaxanthin concentration was not significantly different between fish fed the untreated or treated red yeast and those fed the synthetic astaxanthin diet (control). Assessment of astaxanthin isomers corroborated the assimilation of the (3R,3′R) isomer from all P. rhodozyma diets. Moisture, ash, and protein in all fish declined linearly with time, whereas lipid increased, but only during the first 30 d of feeding. Fatty acid profiles of all fish were virtually identical and independent of the source of pigment. No beneficial or adverse nutritional effects to the fish resulted from the use of modified red yeast.

Carotenoids from Rhodotorula and Phaffia: yeasts of biotechnological importance

“…A formulation of P. rhodozyma cells blended with ethoxyquin, lecithin and saZower oil prior to drying also increased astaxanthin deposition in salmonid Wsh Xesh and rainbow trout Xesh when supplied in feed as an additive [94]. Whyte and Sherry [160] and Fleno et al [113] observed that the astaxanthin concentration was not signiWcantly diVerent between Wsh (Atlantic salmon) fed diet supplemented with spray-dried ruptured cells P. rhodozyma and those fed the synthetic astaxanthin diet. The astaxanthin-rich oil produced by a process for extracting carotenoids from P. rhodozyma biomass, was directly used as an additive to salmonid Wsh feed [161].…”

Dietary yeast culture supplementation improves initial rearing of McConaughy strain rainbow trout

“…2005), provide desirable flesh colouration (Johnson et al. 1977, 1980; Whyte & Sherry 2001; Storebakken et al. 2004), and may possibly serve as an alternative protein source to fish meal (Dabrowksi et al.…”

“…However, not all of the effects of yeast in the diet of cultured fish have been clearly beneficial (Rumsey et al. 1991; Whyte & Sherry 2001; Li et al. 2005; Lim et al.…”

Astaxanthin Level of Dominant Mangrove Floral Species in Indian Sundarbans

“…The relative distribution of esters and optical isomers in some organisms is shown in table 3. The level of astaxanthin detected in the mangrove floral species of Indian Sundarbans is less than the existing natural mega-reservoir of astaxanthin like Phaffia rhodozyma [19][20] and Haematococcus pluvialis [21]. However considering the huge biomass of mangrove leaves in and around the area of Sundarban Biosphere Reserve (SBR), the standing stock of the carotenoid pigment has high probability to reach the point of compensation (requirement), provided few back-up nurseries in the region for extraction of bioactive substances are maintained.…”