Pigmentation Studies in Salamanders, with Especial Reference to the Changes at Metamorphosis

Stearner, S.P.

doi:10.1086/physzool.19.4.30151927

Cited by 29 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These results suggest that innervation does not alter the requirement of blastema cells for mitogens, but rather decreases the capacity of the AEC to provide them. While it could be argued that the results reflect dermal aneurogenic versus neurogenic contributions of blastema cells, young larval limbs do not have a well‐developed dermis (Stearner, 1946), and the blastemas derived from the aneurogenic skin/neurogenic internal tissues combination contained many labeled cells, indicating their origin from the transplanted musculoskeletal tissue.…”

Section: Blastema Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of urodele limb regeneration

Stocum

2017

Regeneration

109

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This review explores the historical and current state of our knowledge about urodele limb regeneration. Topics discussed are (1) blastema formation by the proteolytic histolysis of limb tissues to release resident stem cells and mononucleate cells that undergo dedifferentiation, cell cycle entry and accumulation under the apical epidermal cap. (2) The origin, phenotypic memory, and positional memory of blastema cells. (3) The role played by macrophages in the early events of regeneration. (4) The role of neural and AEC factors and interaction between blastema cells in mitosis and distalization. (5) Models of pattern formation based on the results of axial reversal experiments, experiments on the regeneration of half and double half limbs, and experiments using retinoic acid to alter positional identity of blastema cells. (6) Possible mechanisms of distalization during normal and intercalary regeneration. (7) Is pattern formation is a self‐organizing property of the blastema or dictated by chemical signals from adjacent tissues? (8) What is the future for regenerating a human limb?

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Section: Blastema Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of urodele limb regeneration

Stocum

2017

Regeneration

109

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“…In an evolutionary context, studies of teleost pigment cell lineages invite interesting comparisons with other phylogenetic groups. Although the precise origins of adult chromatophores in other ectothermic vertebrates have yet to be elucidated, it seems likely that lineages homologous or analogous to those of teleosts will be found, particularly in amphibians, given the ontogenetic changes in pigment patterns often observed in this group (Niu and Twitty, ; Parichy, ; Parichy et al., ; Stearner, ). In a broader phylogenetic context, a potential homology of peripheral nerve‐associated precursors to teleost melanophores and amniote melanocytes has been cited already, and it is conceivable that teleosts will be found to have adult stem cells homologous to melanocyte stem cells present in hair (Nishimura, ; Nishimura et al., ; Tanimura et al., ) or feather (Lin et al., ) follicles as well.…”

Section: Conclusion: Implications For Development Translational Biomentioning

confidence: 99%

Origins of adult pigmentation: diversity in pigment stem cell lineages and implications for pattern evolution

Parichy

Spiewak

2014

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res

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Summary Teleosts comprise about half of all vertebrate species and exhibit an extraordinary diversity of adult pigment patterns that function in shoaling, camouflage and mate choice and have played important roles in speciation. Here, we review recent studies that have identified several distinct neural crest lineages, with distinct genetic requirements, that give rise to adult pigment cells in fishes. These lineages include post-embryonic, peripheral nerve associated stem cells that generate black melanophores and iridescent iridophores, cells derived directly from embryonic neural crest cells that generate yellow-orange xanthophores, and bipotent stem cells that generate both melanophores and xanthophores. This complexity in adult chromatophore lineages has implications for our understanding of adult traits, melanoma, and the evolutionary diversification of pigment cell lineages and patterns.

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“…With regard to the pigment in the dopanegative cells of the epidermis, Stearner (1946) has produced evidence to support an observation made originally by Ehrmann (1885). He described streaming of pigment within pigment cells and the transfer of pigment granules to the epidermal cells of freshly prepared frog skin.…”

mentioning

confidence: 67%

“…This migration has also been observed in amphibia (Du Shane, 1948; 5. Stearner, 1946), in birds (Rawles, 1945;Willier and Rawles, 1940), though, in mammals, the evidence for the neural crest origin of pigment cells is not as yet conclusive. However, Rawles (1940) found that neural crest cells from mice, grafted to the coelom of a chick embryo, developed pigment in that area, a result in harmony with the neurol crest hypothesis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%