Pigmented Fungiform Papillae of the Tongue and Lingual Fimbriae as Single Presentation in Adult: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

The normal variant in the oral mucosa is a nonpathological condition. Clinical examination must be carefully performed to avoid misdiagnosis as pathological condition. We reported two rare cases of pigmented fungiform papillae and lingual fimbria. Case 1 presented a 22-year-old Javanese man, with no systemic disease and several dark patches over the tongue for2 years. Case 2 presented a 21-year-old Javanese woman with dark patches over the dorsal and lateral of the tongue which had been known for over 4 to 5 months. Both patients had no systemic issues and there were no complaints about the patches. The dark patches, which appeared in both cases, were found together with linear small bumps on the ventral surface of the tongue and near the lingual frenulum. Further examination and specific treatment were not carried out, in accordance with the condition on the tongue.

Pigmented Fungiform Papillae of the Tongue: A Single-center Experience and Review of Literature

“…From 1974 to March 2022, we found a total of 36 manuscripts with one original article, one review article and 31 clinical case reports, letters and communications in Pubmed (including 4 Korean patients), and three clinical Korean cases in Koreamed ( Table 3 ) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 . A total of 202 patients with PFPT were identified, and the male to female ratio was 1:2.98.…”

“…When reviewing the literature, the Type II pattern was the most common type of PTPF 1 2 3 6 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 . The Type III pattern was the rarest type (2.9%) and it was usually found in black populations 1 2 15 17 18 .…”

Dentists' knowledge and attitudes regarding PFPT: A single study in East Java, Indonesia

“… 7 , 8 In Indonesia, the first cases were reported in 2020, in a 22-year-old man and a 21-year-old Javanese woman. 9 PFPT can manifest widely on the dorsum, lateral to the anterior of the tongue, and esthetic concerns may arise when the lesions become prominent. 5 Given its potential esthetic effects, 2 dentists must be knowledgeable regarding this condition.…”

“…Whereas PFPT predominantly affects individuals with dark skin, some cases are found in people with light skin, including Asians, 7 , 8 particularly in regions such as Indonesia. 9 PFPT is considered a normal variant of the mucosa, characterized by its inert growth and lack of need for treatment. 2 PFPT may be distributed extensively across the dorsum, lateral and anterior regions of the tongue, 5 thereby potentially interfering with speech aesthetics and precipitating a condition known as cancer phobia.…”

A Large Oral Melanoma: A Case Report of a Rare but Aggressive Malignancy

“…3,9 Clinically, oral melanoma demonstrates as a slow-growing, asymptomatic, brown, purple, or black pigmentation with irregular borders and may appear as a rapidly expanding mass with or without ulceration. 1,10 The clinical differential diagnosis should exclude oral melanoma from normal variations 11 and other benign, harmless black lesions such as melanotic macule, smoker's melanosis, amalgam and graphite tattoos, and pigmented nevus. 12 In this case report, we encountered a large oral melanoma at the buccal mucosa, involving the lower alveolar ridge and lip commissure.…”