Pigmented Rice‐Derived Phenolic Compounds Reduce Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Abstract

Scope Endothelial dysfunction pathogenesis is significantly associated with increased oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation. Rice‐derived phenolic compounds have been demonstrated to have antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory potential. This study aims to determine if phenolic extracts (PE) from pigmented rice varieties (Purple, Yunlu29–red, and Reiziq–brown) at varying concentrations modulate biomarkers of OS and inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells under induced OS conditions. Methods and results 2,7‐dichlorofluorescein diacetate and superoxide dismutase‐1 (SOD‐1) enzyme‐linked immuno‐sorbent assay quantification demonstrate that Purple PE significantly decreases reactive oxygen species and increases SOD‐1 by 27% and 226%, respectively. Yunlu29 PE (50 µg mL−1) is the most effective in reducing (p < 0.0001) interleukin‐8 (61%) and interleukin‐6 (57.2%). Yunlu29 (50 µg mL−1) reduces intracellular‐adhesion molecule‐1 (p < 0.0001) expression by 34%, followed by Reiziq (31.9%) and Purple (30.2%). Flow cytometric analysis demonstrates that vascular cell‐adhesion molecule‐1 expression is reduced (p < 0.0001) by 53.5% by Yunlu29 followed by Purple (46.8%) and Reiziq (46.7%). Yunlu29 is the most effective in reducing nuclear factor kappa‐B expression by 50.1%, followed by purple (48.8%) and Reiziq (38.6%). Conclusion This study indicates that colored rice PE may potentially target OS and inflammatory pathways associated with the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction.

Black Sorghum Phenolic Extract Regulates Expression of Genes Associated with Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Human Endothelial Cells

“…It has already been established that the polyphenols such as flavonols, flavonones, catechin and their derivatives are bioavailable in the human body for a maximum of 2–3 h [18]. Taking this into consideration, our experimental design included treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with the phenolic-rich extract for 2 h as previously reported [19]. No significant difference in the viability of HUVECs was observed for treatment groups supplemented with 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 µg/mL of phenolic-rich BSE (Figure 1).…”

A Novel Quinolyl‐Substituted Analogue of Resveratrol Inhibits LPS‐Induced Inflammatory Responses in Microglial Cells by Blocking the NF‐κB/MAPK Signaling Pathways

“…Intracellular ROS levels were measured using DCFH‐DA as described in a previous study . After treatment of cells, DCFH‐DA (10 m m ) was added to the cell suspension and incubated for 1 h at 37 °C.…”

The Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Rice Bran Phenolic Extracts

“…Several synthetic drugs are currently available in the treatment of acute inflammatory states, however, their long-term use has been associated with gastrointestinal, cardiac and renal complications [ 17 ]. Moreover, a rise in health-conscious consumers has resulted in the search for functional foods with nutritional and disease-preventive properties [ 18 ]. Natural plant-derived phytochemicals, such as polyphenols and phenolic acids, have been demonstrated to target pathways of inflammation and oxidative stress [ 18 ].…”

“…Moreover, a rise in health-conscious consumers has resulted in the search for functional foods with nutritional and disease-preventive properties [ 18 ]. Natural plant-derived phytochemicals, such as polyphenols and phenolic acids, have been demonstrated to target pathways of inflammation and oxidative stress [ 18 ]. Furthermore, it is believed that polyphenols, via their free radical scavenging, metal-chelating properties and blunting cellular signalling pathways, modulate the risk factors associated with chronic ailments including cardiovascular disease and cancer [ 19 ].…”