Pigmented Striae of the Anterior Lens Capsule and Age-Associated Pigment Dispersion of Variable Degree in a Group of Older African-Americans: An Age, Race, and Gender Matched Study

Ayyagari

McCarthy

et al. 2013

Purpose To investigate ocular dimensions in African-Americans with the long anterior zonule (LAZ) trait. Methods Sixty-one African-American LAZ subjects and 61 age, race, and gender-matched controls were compared relative to central corneal thickness (CCT), central corneal curvature (CCC), axial length (AL), and subjective refraction (SR). Results LAZ right eyes had a mean SR = +1.75 D ± 1.82 D and were 1.58 D (95% CI=0.83 to 2.31 D, P<0.0001) more hyperopic on average than control right eyes. LAZ right eyes also had an AL that was 0.69 mm (95% CI=0.34 to 1.04 mm, P<0.001) shorter on average than control right eyes. Similar results were found for left eyes. No differences were found relative to CCC and CCT (P>0.05). Conclusions LAZ eyes in this dataset tended to be more hyperopic and had axial lengths that were shorter than control eyes, characteristics that are consistent with elevated risk for angle-closure glaucoma.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Investigating Ocular Dimensions in African Americans With Long Anterior Zonules

Ayyagari

McCarthy

et al. 2013

“…(1) More commonly, LAZ also occur in people without a history of L-ORD, with most being female, hyperopic, and >age 50 years. (7–9;14) So far there is no evidence that LAZ has any racial/ethnic predilection, (1–6;8;10) and in the single clinic population we have studied, LAZ prevalence has been nearly 2.0% in multiple racial groups. (8) Aside from works cited so far, LAZ have also received attention due to concerns for post-operative capsular tearing following cataract surgery, but no connections to L-ORD or other group characteristics have been made in the context of this literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…(7–9;22) Perhaps angle-closure risk is in fact elevated among those with LAZ but no more than similar people with similar refractive errors. On the other hand, question remains whether LAZ eyes are also more likely to exhibit plateau iris and/or other differences that may increase the risk of angle-closure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior Chamber Depth, Lens Thickness, and Related Measures in African American Females With Long Anterior Zonules

Teitelbaum

Castells

et al. 2016

Purpose To investigate anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), vitreous body length (VBL), and axial length (AL) in African-American females with long anterior zonules (LAZ) while controlling for refractive error. Methods The eyes of 50 African-American females with LAZ were compared to 50 controls matched on age, race, sex, and refractive error. Central ACD, LT, VBL, and AL measurements were obtained in a masked fashion using a-scan ultrasonography. Results LAZ cases had a mean age ± SD (range) = 67.1 ± 7.6 years (52–85 years) and a mean refractive error = +1.85 ± 1.41D (−1.75 to +4.75D). Parameters were similar for controls. Mean ACD for cases was 2.45 ± 0.34 mm and 2.57 ± 0.38 mm for controls. Mean LT for cases was 4.94 ± 0.43 mm and 4.83 ± 0.45 mm for controls. Mean VBL for cases was 15.00 ± 0.72 mm and 15.17 ± 0.76 mm for controls. Mean AL for cases was 22.39 ± 0.82 mm and 22.57 ± 0.76 mm for controls. Using multiple logistic regression to control for any residual differences in age and refractive error, no significant differences were present between LAZ eyes and control eyes relative to the a-scan variables (P>0.1). Conclusions When refractive error was controlled for, this group of African-American females with LAZ did not exhibit clinically significant differences in ACD, LT, VBL, and AL as compared to controls.

“…(11;12) In this situation, LAZ may clearly present in younger individuals within the third to fifth decades of life, but we have frequently encountered LAZ apart from L-ORD families, which we have only rarely detected in people <50 years old. (9;10;13;14) Along with age in this form of the LAZ trait, there is also association with female gender, hyperopia, and shorter axial length. (1;3;9;10;13;15) In addition to creating diagnostic confusion caused by its pigment dispersion signs, LAZ is also significant because of potential relationship to open- and narrow-angle forms of glaucoma, (8;14;15) and because of concern for capsular tear formation occurring after cataract surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remnants of the Anterior Tunica Vasculosa Lentis and Long Anterior Lens Zonules

Newman

2014

Purpose To investigate presence of remnants of the tunica vasculosa lentis, a possible indication of anterior segment dysgenesis, in subjects with the long anterior zonule (LAZ) trait. Methods Retro-illumination photos of the pupil region had been collected in earlier study of the LAZ trait in African-Americans. Secondary image analysis was performed to assess the frequency of intact persistent pupillary membrane iris strands (PPMIS). Results The analysis included 148 subjects, comprised of 74 LAZ subjects (median age=70 years, range=50–91 years; 64 females) and 74 controls (68 years, 50–83 years; 64 females). While controlling for age and gender, analysis showed that LAZ subjects were 3.1 times more likely than controls (OR=3.1; 95% CI =1.4 to 6.7; P=0.004) to exhibit PPMIS in at least one of their eyes. Conclusions The LAZ trait, which is being studied as a potential risk factor for glaucoma, was associated with presence of PPMIS in our study population.