Pile sorting innovations: Exploring gender norms, power and equity in sub-Saharan Africa

Bourey, Christine; Stephenson, Rob; Bartel, Doris; Rubardt, Marcie

doi:10.1080/17441692.2012.709259

Cited by 30 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Pile sorting is a qualitative method used mainly in social sciences and health research. It aims to capture participants‘ opinions or experiences by having them sort word, item or picture cards into piles that classify a range of opinions or categories of interest [21]. Conducting FGDs immediately following the pile-sorting activity was designed to capture and explore participants’ decision-making rationale for their sorting.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood pneumonia diagnostics: community health workers’ and national stakeholders’ differing perspectives of new and existing aids

Spence

Baker

Wharton-Smith

et al. 2017

Global Health Action

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Background: Pneumonia heavily contributes to global under-five mortality. Many countries use community case management to detect and treat childhood pneumonia. Community health workers (CHWs) have limited tools to help them assess signs of pneumonia. New respiratory rate (RR) counting devices and pulse oximeters are being considered for this purpose.Objective: To explore perspectives of CHWs and national stakeholders regarding the potential usability and scalability of seven devices to aid community assessment of pneumonia signs.Design: Pile sorting was conducted to rate the usability and scalability of 7 different RR counting aids and pulse oximeters amongst 16 groups of participants. Following each pile-sorting session, a focus group discussion (FGD) explored participants’ sorting rationale. Purposive sampling was used to select CHWs and national stakeholders with experience in childhood pneumonia and integrated community case management (iCCM) in Cambodia, Ethiopia, Uganda and South Sudan. Pile-sorting data were aggregated for countries and participant groups. FGDs were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Translated FGDs transcripts were coded in NVivo 10 and analysed using thematic content analysis. Comparative analysis was performed between countries and groups to identify thematic patterns.Results: CHWs and national stakeholders across the four countries perceived the acute respiratory infection (ARI) timer and fingertip pulse oximeter as highly scalable and easy for CHWs to use. National stakeholders were less receptive to new technologies. CHWs placed greater priority on device acceptability to caregivers and children. Both groups felt that heavy reliance on electricity reduced potential scalability and usability in rural areas. Device simplicity, affordability and sustainability were universally valued.Conclusions: CHWs and national stakeholders prioritise different device characteristics according to their specific focus of work. The views of all relevant stakeholders, including health workers, policy makers, children and parents, should be considered in future policy decisions, research and development regarding suitable pneumonia diagnostic aids for community use.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood pneumonia diagnostics: community health workers’ and national stakeholders’ differing perspectives of new and existing aids

Spence

Baker

Wharton-Smith

et al. 2017

Global Health Action

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“…The interactive pilesorting and social mapping activities were particularly useful in that they gave participants tools with which to express norms and values in concrete terms (Bourey et al 2012). The FGDs generally had six to eight participants and lasted between 40 and 60 minutes.…”

Section: Focus-group Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pile sorting is used to elicit participants' understandings of the relations or differences between various items or people (Bourey et al 2012). Participants were asked to sort 'roles' into piles according to whether Culture, Health & Sexuality 919 widowed and divorced women or married women could play that role.…”

Section: Focus-group Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘People insult her as a sexy woman’: sexuality, stigma and vulnerability among widowed and divorced women in Oromiya, Ethiopia

Newton-Levinson

Winskell

Abdela³

et al. 2014

Culture, Health & Sexuality

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Widowed and divorced women, sometimes referred to as 'female heads of household', are one of the most impoverished and marginalised groups in the world. Widowed and divorced women are often overlooked in the literature or are seen primarily as economically or socially marginalised beings; their sexuality is rarely addressed. In an effort to understand the experiences and challenges faced by such women, we conducted and analysed four focus-group discussions, seven in-depth interviews and four interactive activities with 32 widowed and divorced women and with 25 other community members in Oromiya, Ethiopia. Findings indicate that women experienced high levels of community stigma in relation to their sexuality. Participants' fear of community stigma, and the actions they took to avert it, further served to marginalise them within their community and had negative impact on their economic, social and health support systems and, ultimately, on their overall well-being. Future interventions need to acknowledge sexual stigma as a driving force in the many challenges these women face. Further programmatic work is needed to reduce stigma related to widowed and divorced women's sexuality and to decrease their vulnerability to rape.

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“…We used this methodology because of its ability to promote consensus among group members [22]. Pile sorting has been used in public health settings to capture local definitions of disease [25,26], to study relationships between symptoms and disease severity [27]; and to investigate the acceptability of interventions [28,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pile sorting technique engages participants in sorting cards with words into piles that represent how they think about and categorize elements on interest [22]. Six sessions were conducted, three with NHC members and three with CHW-TBA pairs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring teamwork and taskwork of community-based “teams” delivering life-saving health interventions in rural Zambia: a qualitative study

Yeboah-Antwi

Snetro-Plewman²,

Waltensperger³

et al. 2013

BMC Med Res Methodol

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BackgroundThe use of teams is a well-known approach in a variety of settings, including health care, in both developed and developing countries. Team performance is comprised of teamwork and task work, and ascertaining whether a team is performing as expected to achieve the desired outcome has rarely been done in health care settings in resource-limited countries. Measuring teamwork requires identifying dimensions of teamwork or processes that comprise the teamwork construct, while taskwork requires identifying specific team functions. Since 2008 a community-based project in rural Zambia has teamed community health workers (CHWs) and traditional birth attendants (TBAs), supported by Neighborhood Health Committees (NHCs), to provide essential newborn and continuous curative care for children 0–59 months. This paper describes the process of developing a measure of teamwork and taskwork for community-based health teams in rural Zambia.MethodsSix group discussions and pile-sorting sessions were conducted with three NHCs and three groups of CHW-TBA teams. Each session comprised six individuals.ResultsWe selected 17 factors identified by participants as relevant for measuring teamwork in this rural setting. Participants endorsed seven functions as important to measure taskwork. To explain team performance, we assigned 20 factors into three sub-groups: personal, community-related and service-related.ConclusionCommunity and culturally relevant processes, functions and factors were used to develop a tool for measuring teamwork and taskwork in this rural community and the tool was quite unique from tools used in developed countries.

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Pile sorting innovations: Exploring gender norms, power and equity in sub-Saharan Africa

Cited by 30 publications

References 32 publications

Childhood pneumonia diagnostics: community health workers’ and national stakeholders’ differing perspectives of new and existing aids

Childhood pneumonia diagnostics: community health workers’ and national stakeholders’ differing perspectives of new and existing aids

‘People insult her as a sexy woman’: sexuality, stigma and vulnerability among widowed and divorced women in Oromiya, Ethiopia

Measuring teamwork and taskwork of community-based “teams” delivering life-saving health interventions in rural Zambia: a qualitative study

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