Pilgrimage Sites – Heritage Sites: The Evaluation of Authenticity of Selected Cases

Abstract

Preserving heritage sites promotes local identities and strengthens their link with local communities. It also raises pride that encourages locals to invite others to visit and celebrate. It is thus crucial to involve all parties in managing heritage sites to ensure sustainability. Such principles are challenging if the subject is a pilgrimage site due to its moral association with different cultures embracing the religion. The presentation/interpretation of the historical attributes in pilgrimage sites is crucial to reflect their religious association as well as to respect historical facts. Accentuating authenticity also strengthens the bond of the believers. The mandate is then protecting those valuable attributes, which are usually marginalized due to the tyranny of some spiritualties and to the admission of large numbers of pilgrims to raise economic profits. The research evaluates those contradictions in selected pilgrimage sites: Makkah in Saudi Arabia, Santiago de Compostela in Spain, and Fushimi Inari Shrine in Japan. It applies the Nara Grid to verify the authenticity of their historic attributes and to confirm that the conditions of pilgrimage in the three sites drastically differ from what they originally were. This paper points to the reasons that led to these differences, the impact on the authenticity of values and attributes, and the status of the cultural heritage if managed away from the participatory process. The research aims to draw on the results of scientific analysis of the current situation of those sites to decipher the management deficiencies affecting the authenticity of their historic attributes.

Effective Use of Authenticity Value as a Catalyst for Coastal Intermediate Cities Development: A Case of Al-Quseir City, Egypt

“…The concept of authenticity was used to build a tool that would assist in understanding and measuring it. The Raymond Lemaire International Center for Conservation adapted this direction of the Nara Document and characterized it in a grid in which aspects and dimensions indicate 'an axis' [4] as shown in figure 2.…”

“…The concept of authenticity has gained popularity in order to create a balance between conservation and development approaches [3]. Nowadays, authenticity is known as a concept through which the complete tangible and intangible values of heritage are reflected; hence, in order to sustain authenticity, heritage values must be authentically and credibly expressed via a number of connected qualities [4]. Hence the research reviewing the elements and components necessary for expressing the authenticity value, in order to control and manage developments of intermediate coastal cities.…”

Analysis and Treatment of Mural Paintings Covered With Plaster Layers in Yakan House in Historic Cairo

“…However, it became a community center for drawing up plans and developments for future neighborhoods [9]. The house was restored in accordance with the principles of restoration and additions following the Venice Charter of 1964 [10,11]. Executed murals were discovered on one of the house's walls, fig ( 2-a, b, c), during the architectural restoration process.…”