Pillar[5]arene-based supramolecular gel: construction and applications

Qi, Xiaoni; Lin, Qi; Wei, Tai‐Bao; Tian, Wei; Li, Zhenliang

doi:10.1039/d2py01605b

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Pillar[n]arene supramolecular gels have been widely applied in sensing, adsorption, separation, and drug delivery. [127,128] In this section, we mainly concentrate on pillar[n]arene supramolecular gels driven by host-guest interactions and the corresponding stimuli-responsive properties based on the host-guest interactions.…”

Section: Stimuli-responsive Gel Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Supramolecular gels based on pillar[ n ]arenes are fascinating because the convenient functionalization of pillar[ n ]arenes and host–guest interaction provide versatile supramolecular gel structures with stimuli‐responsive behavior. Pillar[ n ]arene supramolecular gels have been widely applied in sensing, adsorption, separation, and drug delivery [127,128] . In this section, we mainly concentrate on pillar[ n ]arene supramolecular gels driven by host–guest interactions and the corresponding stimuli‐responsive properties based on the host–guest interactions.…”

Section: Stimuli‐responsive Materials Based On Pillar[n]arenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Responsive pillar[n]arene materials

Tuo,

Shi,

Ohtani

et al. 2023

Responsive Materials

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Intelligent materials with responsive behaviors toward external stimuli, such as light, temperature, pH, redox, and solvent have been increasingly fascinating. Reversible noncovalent interactions provide an efficient way to construct stimuli‐responsive materials. Macrocyclic compounds, such as cyclodextrins, cucurbit[n]urils, calix[n]arenes, crown ethers, and related macrocycles, are useful skeletons for constructing such materials through host–guest interactions. Pillar[n]arenes are pillar‐shaped macrocyclic hosts developed by our groups in 2008, in which the repeated 1,4‐dialkoxybenzene units are connected by methylene bridges at the para position. The versatile functionality, easy modification, excellent size‐dependent host–guest complexation, and adjustable electron density of the cavity endow pillar[n]arenes with excellent properties compared with other cyclic host molecules. Moreover, the unique planar chirality and chirality inversion generated by unit rotation make pillar[n]arenes ideal platforms for investigating chirality inversion, induction, and transformation. In this review, we describe stimuli‐responsive topological, optical, chiroptical, supramolecular assemblies, and solid‐state materials based on the host–guest complexation and structural regulation of pillar[n]arenes.

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Section: Stimuli-responsive Gel Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stimuli‐responsive Materials Based On Pillar[n]arenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responsive pillar[n]arene materials

Tuo,

Shi,

Ohtani

et al. 2023

Responsive Materials

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“…Low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) are a diverse group of compounds capable of forming extended networks of supramolecular polymers. − These polymers typically coalesce into extended tubular or helical structures, known as fibrils, which develop into larger fibers through braiding or entanglement. , The gels resulting from these self-assembled structures may replace polymeric materials in applications such as drug delivery, crystal growth, and chemical sensing. ,− LMWGs often provide more reproducible performance than polymeric gelators, which are sensitive to variations in molecular weight, branching, and degree of functionalization. As small molecules, they may offer a greater scope for synthetic modification, allowing gels to be prepared with tunable rheological characteristics and improved compatibility with target solvents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 7 , 8 The gels resulting from these self-assembled structures may replace polymeric materials in applications such as drug delivery, crystal growth, and chemical sensing. 6 , 9 − 11 LMWGs often provide more reproducible performance than polymeric gelators, which are sensitive to variations in molecular weight, branching, and degree of functionalization. As small molecules, they may offer a greater scope for synthetic modification, allowing gels to be prepared with tunable rheological characteristics and improved compatibility with target solvents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scrolling in Supramolecular Gels: A Designer’s Guide

Jones,

Kershaw Cook,

Slater

et al. 2024

Chem. Mater.

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Gelation by small molecules is a topic of enormous importance in catalysis, nanomaterials, drug delivery, and pharmaceutical crystallization. The mechanism by which gelators self-organize into a fibrous gel network is poorly understood. Herein, we describe the crystal structures and gelation properties of a library of bis(urea) compounds and show, via molecular dynamics simulations, how gelator aggregation progresses from a continuous pattern of supramolecular motifs to a homogeneous fiber network. Our model suggests that lamellae with asymmetric surfaces scroll into uniform unbranched fibrils, while sheets with symmetric surfaces undergo stacking to form crystals. The self-assembly of asymmetric lamellae is associated with specific molecular features, such as the presence of narrow and flexible end groups with high packing densities, and likely represents a general mechanism for the formation of small-molecule gels.

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“…In recent years, one such promising avenue has been the use of pillar[ n ]arenes as anti-biofilm agents. Pillar[ n ]arenes, a class of macrocyclic host molecules with a distinctive pillar-shaped architecture, exhibit remarkable host–guest interactions, enabling them to complex with a diverse range of guest molecules. − Their significant properties stem from their unique structural features, rendering them promising candidates for various applications in supramolecular chemistry. − Modifiable functionalities and unique structural characteristics of pillar[ n ]arenes hold promise for developing materials specifically tailored for biological applications. − Pillar[ n ]arenes have been shown to possess inherent antimicrobial properties against a broad range of planktonic bacteria, including both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. , Biocompatibility and safety are the essential aspects of any potential anti-biofilm agents for human use. Preliminary investigations suggest pillar[ n ]arenes and their derivatives as safe and biocompatible agents; hence they exhibit low cytotoxicity and minimal adverse effects. − The unique properties of pillar[ n ]arenes extend beyond their antimicrobial potential, encompassing artificial transmembrane transport capabilities. − Pillar[ n ]arene derivatives possess the capacity to facilitate the transport of specific molecules across cell membranes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pillar[n]arenes in the Fight against Biofilms: Current Developments and Future Perspectives

Jothi Nayaki,

Roja,

Ravindhiran

et al. 2024

ACS Infect. Dis.

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The global surge in bacterial infections, compounded by the alarming escalation of drug-resistant strains, has evolved into a critical public health crisis. Among the challenges posed, biofilms stand out due to their formidable resistance to conventional antibiotics. This review delves into the burgeoning potential of pillar[n]arenes, distinctive macrocyclic host molecules, as promising anti-biofilm agents. The review is structured into two main sections, each dedicated to exploring distinct facets of pillar[n]arene applications. The first section scrutinizes functionalized pillar[n]arenes with a particular emphasis on cationic derivatives. This analysis reveals their significant efficacy in inhibiting biofilm formation, underscoring the pivotal role of specific chemical attributes in combating microbial communities. The second section of the review shifts its focus to inclusion complexes, elucidating how pillar[n]arenes serve as encapsulation platforms for antibiotics. This encapsulation enhances the stability of antibiotics and enables a controlled release, thereby amplifying their antibacterial activity. The examination of inclusion complexes provides valuable insights into the potential synergy between pillar[n]arenes and traditional antibiotics, offering a novel avenue for overcoming biofilm resistance. This comprehensive review highlights the escalating global threat of bacterial infections and the urgent need for innovative strategies to counteract drugresistant biofilms. The unique properties of pillar[n]arenes, both as functionalized molecules and as inclusion complex hosts, position them as promising candidates in the quest for effective anti-biofilm agents. The exploration of their distinct mechanisms opens new avenues for research and development in the ongoing battle against bacterial infections and biofilm-related health challenges.

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Pillar[5]arene-based supramolecular gel: construction and applications

Abstract: Among advanced materials, supramolecular gels (SGs) materials originating from the pillar[5]arene constructed by noncovalent interactions have been a dominant area of focus in terms of their prospective applications. The raw gel materials have exceptional advantages...

Cited by 6 publications

References 96 publications

Responsive pillar[n]arene materials

Responsive pillar[n]arene materials

Scrolling in Supramolecular Gels: A Designer’s Guide

Pillar[n]arenes in the Fight against Biofilms: Current Developments and Future Perspectives

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