Pillar-beam structures prevent layered cathode materials from destructive phase transitions

Wang, Yue-Sheng; Feng, Zimin; Cui, Peixin; Zhu, Wen; Gong, Yue; Girard, Marc-André; Lajoie, Gilles; Trottier, Julie; Zhang, Qinghua; Gu, Lin; Wang, Yan; Zuo, Wenhua; Yang, Yong; Goodenough, John B.; Zaghib, Karim

doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20169-1

Cited by 109 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Second, staged business reopenings and the emergence of new virus variants have sometimes led to accelerating or runaway epidemics. These may be due to sudden changes in social behavior, but we showed that accelerating epidemics can also result from decreases in contact tracing efficiency [26]. Increasing contact tracing capacity could limit this epidemic acceleration as cases increase, which suggests that training a reserve capacity of tracers and being able to deploy a mobile tracing force could help limit runaway epidemics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Numerous studies have examined the effectiveness and limitations of TTIS on transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Many studies have shown that TTIS can substantially reduce the pathogen reproductive number, R t , but its efficacy depends on the importance of pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic transmission, delays between symptom onset and being tested, and the fraction of infections that are tested and traced [14,19,22,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contact tracing efficiency, transmission heterogeneity, and accelerating COVID-19 epidemics

Gardner

Kilpatrick

2021

PLoS Comput Biol

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Simultaneously controlling COVID-19 epidemics and limiting economic and societal impacts presents a difficult challenge, especially with limited public health budgets. Testing, contact tracing, and isolating/quarantining is a key strategy that has been used to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 and other pathogens. However, manual contact tracing is a time-consuming process and as case numbers increase a smaller fraction of cases’ contacts can be traced, leading to additional virus spread. Delays between symptom onset and being tested (and receiving results), and a low fraction of symptomatic cases being tested and traced can also reduce the impact of contact tracing on transmission. We examined the relationship between increasing cases and delays and the pathogen reproductive number Rt, and the implications for infection dynamics using deterministic and stochastic compartmental models of SARS-CoV-2. We found that Rt increased sigmoidally with the number of cases due to decreasing contact tracing efficacy. This relationship results in accelerating epidemics because Rt initially increases, rather than declines, as infections increase. Shifting contact tracers from locations with high and low case burdens relative to capacity to locations with intermediate case burdens maximizes their impact in reducing Rt (but minimizing total infections may be more complicated). Contact tracing efficacy decreased sharply with increasing delays between symptom onset and tracing and with lower fraction of symptomatic infections being tested. Finally, testing and tracing reductions in Rt can sometimes greatly delay epidemics due to the highly heterogeneous transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2. These results demonstrate the importance of having an expandable or mobile team of contact tracers that can be used to control surges in cases. They also highlight the synergistic value of high capacity, easy access testing and rapid turn-around of testing results, and outreach efforts to encourage symptomatic cases to be tested immediately after symptom onset.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact tracing efficiency, transmission heterogeneity, and accelerating COVID-19 epidemics

Gardner

Kilpatrick

2021

PLoS Comput Biol

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“…Phase transitions are very common in layered cathode materials, most especially during Li deintercalation [35,36]. When delithiation takes place, metal redox potentials overlap with oxygen 2p energies leading to oxygen anion oxidation and molecular oxygen release.…”

Section: Hindering Phase Transitions Through Metal Oxide Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Review of Metal Oxide Surface Coatings on Three Families of Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries

et al. 2021

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In the recent years, lithium-ion batteries have prevailed and dominated as the primary power sources for mobile electronic applications. Equally, their use in electric resources of transportation and other high-level applications is hindered to some certain extent. As a result, innovative fabrication of lithium-ion batteries based on best performing cathode materials should be developed as electrochemical performances of batteries depends largely on the electrode materials. Elemental doping and coating of cathode materials as a way of upgrading Li-ion batteries have gained interest and have modified most of the commonly used cathode materials. This has resulted in enhanced penetration of Li-ions, ionic mobility, electric conductivity and cyclability, with lesser capacity fading compared to traditional parent materials. The current paper reviews the role and effect of metal oxides as coatings for improvement of cathode materials in Li-ion batteries. For layered cathode materials, a clear evaluation of how metal oxide coatings sweep of metal ion dissolution, phase transitions and hydrofluoric acid attacks is detailed. Whereas the effective ways in which metal oxides suppress metal ion dissolution and capacity fading related to spinel cathode materials are explained. Lastly, challenges faced by olivine-type cathode materials, namely; low electronic conductivity and diffusion coefficient of Li+ ion, are discussed and recent findings on how metal oxide coatings could curb such limitations are outlined.

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“…Irreversible surface/bulk phase transition upon cycling has been reported as one of the prevalent origins for the performance degradation of layered cathodes 8 , 9 . Several prominent studies showed that surface reconstruction, such as layered to spinel/rock-salt, can initiate from the cathode surface, and then gradually propagate into the bulk structure during a high-voltage charge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Native lattice strain induced structural earthquake in sodium layered oxide cathodes

Liu

Zhou

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

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High-voltage operation is essential for the energy and power densities of battery cathode materials, but its stabilization remains a universal challenge. To date, the degradation origin has been mostly attributed to cycling-initiated structural deformation while the effect of native crystallographic defects induced during the sophisticated synthesis process has been significantly overlooked. Here, using in situ synchrotron X-ray probes and advanced transmission electron microscopy to probe the solid-state synthesis and charge/discharge process of sodium layered oxide cathodes, we reveal that quenching-induced native lattice strain plays an overwhelming role in the catastrophic capacity degradation of sodium layered cathodes, which runs counter to conventional perception—phase transition and cathode interfacial reactions. We observe that the spontaneous relaxation of native lattice strain is responsible for the structural earthquake (e.g., dislocation, stacking faults and fragmentation) of sodium layered cathodes during cycling, which is unexpectedly not regulated by the voltage window but is strongly coupled with charge/discharge temperature and rate. Our findings resolve the controversial understanding on the degradation origin of cathode materials and highlight the importance of eliminating intrinsic crystallographic defects to guarantee superior cycling stability at high voltages.

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Pillar-beam structures prevent layered cathode materials from destructive phase transitions

Cited by 109 publications

References 60 publications

Contact tracing efficiency, transmission heterogeneity, and accelerating COVID-19 epidemics

Contact tracing efficiency, transmission heterogeneity, and accelerating COVID-19 epidemics

A Comparative Review of Metal Oxide Surface Coatings on Three Families of Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries

Native lattice strain induced structural earthquake in sodium layered oxide cathodes

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