Pilomatrixoma of the right cheek in a young girl

Pilomatrix carcinoma of the right postauricular region: A case report and literature review

“…In most cases, metastatic disease was noted at or after the time of local recurrence, and in a few cases, metastatic disease was discovered at the time of diagnosis or without the presence of clinical recurrence [15]. Lymph node metastases should be treated with regional lymph node dissection in combination with wide local excision of the primary lesion [6].…”

“…These lesions are typically asymmetric with a bluish discoloration and may have ulceration of the overlying skin [[3], [4], [5]]. The benign form has a higher incidence in children aged 8 years to 13 years and has a female predominance, occurring at a 3:2 ratio [6]. Malignant pilomatrixomas typically occur in the 5 th to 7 th decades of life and are seen more frequently in males with a 3:1 ratio [5,7].…”

“…The diagnosis of pilomatrical tumors is made by histopathology. They are characterized by nests of basaloid cells with trichilemmal-type keratinization and “shadow” or “ghost” cells in the center, with or without calcification and foreign body giant cell reaction to keratin debris [4,6]. The benign tumor is well-circumscribed with a capsule of connective tissue and is usually located in the deep dermis and subcutaneous fat.…”

“…Unlike benign pilomatrixomas which have low recurrence rates after surgical excision, malignant pilomatrixomas are locally aggressive and have a high rate of recurrence after surgical excision [6]. Due to its rare occurrence, a well-defined gold standard of management has not been established, and the roles of further treatment post-excision are yet to be defined.…”